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As the Galactic Neighborhood (GAN) panel is fully aware, the next decade will see major advances in our understanding of this area of research. To quote from their charge, these advances will occur in studies of the galactic neighborhood,…
Uniquely among the sciences, quantum cryptography has driven both foundational research as well as practical real-life applications. We review the progress of quantum cryptography in the last decade, covering quantum key distribution and…
The growing trends in automation, Internet of Things, big data and cloud computing technologies have led to the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), where it is possible to visualize and identify patterns and insights, which results…
The last decade has witnessed the development of several alternative neutron detector technologies, as a consequence of upcoming neutron sources and upgrades, as well the world-wide shortage of $^3$He. One branch of development is the…
Extracting information from stochastic fields or textures is a ubiquitous task in science, from exploratory data analysis to classification and parameter estimation. From physics to biology, it tends to be done either through a power…
Geant4 is a toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for geometry, tracking, detector response, run, event and track management, visualization and user interfaces.…
The construction of modern detectors used in high-energy physics experiments is typically guided by modeling with the Geant4 toolkit to evaluate detector performance in terms of geometrical acceptance and detection efficiency. Several…
The gap in statistics between multi-variate and time-series analysis can be bridged by using entropy statistics and recent developments in multi-dimensional scaling. For explaining the evolution of the sciences as non-linear dynamics, the…
The history of eddy covariance (EC) measuring system could be dated back to 100 years ago, but it was not until the recent decades that EC gains popularity and being widely used in global change ecological studies, with explosion of related…
The aim of this review is to present and analyze the probabilistic models of mathematical phylogenetics which have been intensively used in recent years in biology as the cornerstone of attempts to infer and reconstruct the ancestral…
Context: The Debian system has historically participated in academic works and scientific projects, with well-known examples including NeuroDebian, Debian Med, Debsources, Debian Science, and Debian GIS, where the scientific relevance of…
Whether for shielding applications or for criticality safety studies, solving the neutron transport equation with good accuracy requires to take into account the resonant structure of cross sections in part of the Unresolved Resonance…
Quantum contextuality is one of the most perplexing and peculiar features of quantum mechanics. Concisely, it refers to the observation that the result of a single measurement in quantum mechanics depends on the set of joint measurements…
In this paper, we present a unique collection of four data sets to study social behaviour. The data were collected at four international scientific conferences, during which we measured face-to-face contacts along with additional…
Space-based time-domain telescopes such as CoRoT, Kepler/K2 and TESS have profoundly impacted astrophysics over the past two decades. Continuous light curves with high cadence and high photometric precision are now available for millions of…
Data Science is a complex and evolving field, but most agree that it can be defined as a combination of expertise drawn from three broad areascomputer science and technology, math and statistics, and domain knowledge -- with the purpose of…
Since the introduction of network psychometrics, several connections to statistical models in "classical" psychometrics (i.e., IRT, SEM, GLM) as well as to approaches from other research fields have been established. In this paper, these…
A scientometric analysis has been performed on selected physics journals to estimate the presence of simulation and modeling in physics literature in the past fifty years. Correlations between the observed trends and several social and…
This review maps developments in stochastic modeling, highlighting non-standard approaches and their applications to biology and epidemiology. It brings together four strands: (1) core models for systems that evolve with randomness; (2)…
The use of clean energy is a global trend, with solar photovoltaic plants serving as a cornerstone of this energy transition. To support this rapid growth, optimize energy utilization, and enable a wide range of applications and services,…