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Neurophysiological decoding, fundamental to advancing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies, has significantly benefited from recent advances in deep learning. However, existing decoding approaches largely remain constrained to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Di Wu , Yifei Jia , Siyuan Li , Shiqi Zhao , Jie Yang , Mohamad Sawan

Speech language models align with human brain responses to natural language to an impressive degree. However, current models rely heavily on low-level speech features, indicating they lack brain-relevant semantics which limits their utility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Omer Moussa , Dietrich Klakow , Mariya Toneva

Understanding how neural activity gives rise to perception is a central challenge in neuroscience. We address the problem of decoding visual information from high-density intracortical recordings in primates, using the THINGS Ventral Stream…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-19 Matteo Ciferri , Matteo Ferrante , Nicola Toschi

Decoding human brain activity from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a central challenge at the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence, enabling diverse applications in mental state assessment, clinical monitoring,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weiheng Lu , Zhouheng Yao , Jiamin Wu , Pengyu Zhu , Yuchen Zhou , Weijian Mai , Qihao Zheng , Wanli Ouyang , Chunfeng Song

This thesis delves into the world of non-invasive electrophysiological brain signals like electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), focusing on modelling and decoding such data. The research aims to investigate what…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Richard Csaky

Humans can robustly learn novel visual concepts even when images undergo various deformations and lose certain information. Mimicking the same behavior and synthesizing deformed instances of new concepts may help visual recognition systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Zitian Chen , Yanwei Fu , Yu-Xiong Wang , Lin Ma , Wei Liu , Martial Hebert

A universal unanswered question in neuroscience and machine learning is whether computers can decode the patterns of the human brain. Multi-Voxels Pattern Analysis (MVPA) is a critical tool for addressing this question. However, there are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-06 Muhammad Yousefnezhad , Daoqiang Zhang

Language, as an information medium created by advanced organisms, has always been a concern of neuroscience regarding how it is represented in the brain. Decoding linguistic representations in the evoked brain has shown groundbreaking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Yu Wang , Heyang Liu , Yuhao Wang , Chuan Xuan , Yixuan Hou , Sheng Feng , Hongcheng Liu , Yusheng Liao , Yanfeng Wang

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neuroimaging technique that records brain neural activity with high temporal resolution. Unlike other methods, EEG does not require prohibitively expensive equipment and can be easily set up using…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Arash Akbarinia

Background: A universal unanswered question in neuroscience and machine learning is whether computers can decode the patterns of the human brain. Multi-Voxels Pattern Analysis (MVPA) is a critical tool for addressing this question. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-06 Muhammad Yousefnezhad , Daoqiang Zhang

Current multi-modal models exhibit a notable misalignment with the human visual system when identifying objects that are visually assimilated into the background. Our observations reveal that these multi-modal models cannot distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ruolin Shen , Xiaozhong Ji , Kai WU , Jiangning Zhang , Yijun He , HaiHua Yang , Xiaobin Hu , Xiaoyu Sun

Brain imaging classification is commonly approached from two perspectives: modeling the full image volume to capture global anatomical context, or constructing ROI-based graphs to encode localized and topological interactions. Although both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Wei Liang , Lifang He

One of the biggest challenges for deep learning algorithms in medical image analysis is the indiscriminate mixing of image properties, e.g. artifacts and anatomy. These entangled image properties lead to a semantically redundant feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Qingjie Meng , Nick Pawlowski , Daniel Rueckert , Bernhard Kainz

Deep neural networks have achieved success across a wide range of applications, including as models of human behavior and neural representations in vision tasks. However, neural network training and human learning differ in fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Lukas Muttenthaler , Klaus Greff , Frieda Born , Bernhard Spitzer , Simon Kornblith , Michael C. Mozer , Klaus-Robert Müller , Thomas Unterthiner , Andrew K. Lampinen

In this study, the problem of computing a sparse representation of multi-dimensional visual data is considered. In general, such data e.g., hyperspectral images, color images or video data consists of signals that exhibit strong local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Alexandros Gkillas , Dimitris Ampeliotis , Kostas Berberidis

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) have opened up new opportunities for integrating visual and linguistic modalities. However, effectively aligning these modalities remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sihan Yang , Chenhang Cui , Zihao Zhao , Yiyang Zhou , Weilong Yan , Ying Wei , Huaxiu Yao

The increasing popularity of naturalistic paradigms in fMRI (such as movie watching) demands novel strategies for multi-subject data analysis, such as use of neural encoding models. In the present study, we propose a shared convolutional…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-14 Meenakshi Khosla , Gia H. Ngo , Keith Jamison , Amy Kuceyeski , Mert R. Sabuncu

Inter-individual variability in fine-grained functional brain organization poses challenges for scalable data analysis and modeling. Functional alignment techniques can help mitigate these individual differences but typically require paired…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-02 Haibao Wang , Jun Kai Ho , Fan L. Cheng , Shuntaro C. Aoki , Yusuke Muraki , Misato Tanaka , Yukiyasu Kamitani

The dispute of how the human brain represents conceptual knowledge has been argued in many scientific fields. Brain imaging studies have shown that the spatial patterns of neural activation in the brain are correlated with thinking about…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-06-15 Subba Reddy Oota , Naresh Manwani , Bapi Raju S

Unveiling visual semantics from neural signals such as EEG, MEG, and fMRI remains a fundamental challenge due to subject variability and the entangled nature of visual features. Existing approaches primarily align neural activity directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zehui Feng , Chenqi Zhang , Mingru Wang , Minuo Wei , Shiwei Cheng , Cuntai Guan , Ting Han