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This paper introduces an innovative methodology for producing high-quality 3D lung CT images guided by textual information. While diffusion-based generative models are increasingly used in medical imaging, current state-of-the-art…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Yanwu Xu , Li Sun , Wei Peng , Shuyue Jia , Katelyn Morrison , Adam Perer , Afrooz Zandifar , Shyam Visweswaran , Motahhare Eslami , Kayhan Batmanghelich

Data scarcity in medical imaging poses significant challenges due to privacy concerns. Diffusion models, a recent generative modeling technique, offer a potential solution by generating synthetic and realistic data. However, questions…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 Abdullah al Nomaan Nafi , Md. Alamgir Hossain , Rakib Hossain Rifat , Md Mahabub Uz Zaman , Md Manjurul Ahsan , Shivakumar Raman

Generative image models have achieved remarkable progress in both natural and medical imaging. In the medical context, these techniques offer a potential solution to data scarcity-especially for low-prevalence anomalies that impair the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Gregory Schuit , Denis Parra , Cecilia Besa

Semantic image synthesis, i.e., generating images from user-provided semantic label maps, is an important conditional image generation task as it allows to control both the content as well as the spatial layout of generated images. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Tariq Berrada , Jakob Verbeek , Camille Couprie , Karteek Alahari

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have achieved remarkable success in various image generation tasks compared with Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs). Recent work on semantic image synthesis mainly follows the de facto…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Wengang Zhou , Weilun Wang , Jianmin Bao , Dongdong Chen , Dong Chen , Lu Yuan , Houqiang Li

Semantic image synthesis aims to generate high-quality images given semantic conditions, i.e. segmentation masks and style reference images. Existing methods widely adopt generative adversarial networks (GANs). GANs take all conditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Feng Liu , Xiaobin Chang

Generative models are becoming popular for the synthesis of medical images. Recently, neural diffusion models have demonstrated the potential to generate photo-realistic images of objects. However, their potential to generate medical images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-03 Hazrat Ali , Shafaq Murad , Zubair Shah

Deep generative models have shown impressive results in generating realistic images of faces. GANs managed to generate high-quality, high-fidelity images when conditioned on semantic masks, but they still lack the ability to diversify their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Nico Giambi , Giuseppe Lisanti

Semantic image synthesis (SIS) aims to generate realistic images that match given semantic masks. Despite recent advances allowing high-quality results and precise spatial control, they require a massive semantic segmentation dataset for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Jungwoo Chae , Hyunin Cho , Sooyeon Go , Kyungmook Choi , Youngjung Uh

Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides a low-dose imaging alternative to conventional CT, but suffers from noise, scatter, and artifacts that degrade image quality. Synthetic CT (sCT) aims to translate CBCT to high-quality…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Alzahra Altalib , Chunhui Li , Alessandro Perelli

In medical imaging, image synthesis is the estimation process of one image (sequence, modality) from another image (sequence, modality). Since images with different modalities provide diverse biomarkers and capture various features,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Firoozeh Shomal Zadeh , Sevda Molani , Maysam Orouskhani , Marziyeh Rezaei , Mehrzad Shafiei , Hossein Abbasi

Deep learning has a great potential to alleviate diagnosis and prognosis for various clinical procedures. However, the lack of a sufficient number of medical images is the most common obstacle in conducting image-based analysis using deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-23 Marija Habijan , Irena Galic

Recent advances in computer vision have shown promising results in image generation. Diffusion probabilistic models in particular have generated realistic images from textual input, as demonstrated by DALL-E 2, Imagen and Stable Diffusion.…

Medical image data is less accessible than in other domains due to privacy and regulatory constraints. In addition, labeling requires costly, time-intensive manual image annotation by clinical experts. To overcome these challenges,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Fangyijie Wang , Kevin Whelan , Félix Balado , Kathleen M. Curran , Guénolé Silvestre

In recent years, diffusion models have gained popularity for their ability to generate higher-quality images in comparison to GAN models. However, like any other large generative models, these models require a huge amount of data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Rajesh Shrestha , Bowen Xie

Semantic image synthesis aims at generating photorealistic images from semantic layouts. Previous approaches with conditional generative adversarial networks (GAN) show state-of-the-art performance on this task, which either feed the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-13 Xihui Liu , Guojun Yin , Jing Shao , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Semantic communication is expected to be one of the cores of next-generation AI-based communications. One of the possibilities offered by semantic communication is the capability to regenerate, at the destination side, images or videos…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Eleonora Grassucci , Sergio Barbarossa , Danilo Comminiello

Using recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) brought by diffusion models, this paper introduces a new synergistic method for spectral computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Diffusion models define a neural network to…

Prenatal ultrasound imaging is the first-choice modality to assess fetal health. Medical image datasets for AI and ML methods must be diverse (i.e. diagnoses, diseases, pathologies, scanners, demographics, etc), however there are few public…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Michelle Iskandar , Harvey Mannering , Zhanxiang Sun , Jacqueline Matthew , Hamideh Kerdegari , Laura Peralta , Miguel Xochicale

We show that diffusion models can achieve image sample quality superior to the current state-of-the-art generative models. We achieve this on unconditional image synthesis by finding a better architecture through a series of ablations. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Prafulla Dhariwal , Alex Nichol
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