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Related papers: Embodied Carbon Accounting through Spatial-Tempora…

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Scientific workflows are critical to scientific data analysis and often involve computationally intensive processing of large datasets on compute clusters. As such, their execution tends to be long-running and resource-intensive, resulting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kathleen West , Youssef Moawad , Fabian Lehmann , Vasilis Bountris , Ulf Leser , Yehia Elkhatib , Lauritz Thamsen

Carbon emissions are currently attributed to producers although a consumption-aware accounting is advocated. After constructing the Carbon Trade Network, we trace the flow of emissions over the past two decades. Our analysis reveals the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-24 Gianluca Guidi , Rossana Mastrandrea , Angelo Facchini , Tiziano Squartini , Christopher Kennedy

Improvements in the representation of the land carbon cycle in Earth system models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) include interactive treatment of both the carbon and nitrogen cycles, improved…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Bettina K. Gier , Manuel Schlund , Pierre Friedlingstein , Chris D. Jones , Colin Jones , Sönke Zaehle , Veronika Eyring

Electron transpiration cooling (ETC) can reduce aerothermal loads on sharp hypersonic leading edges, but its performance is governed by whether thermionically emitted electrons escape the hot surface or return as cathode-directed backflow.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Wushun Zhang , Weixing Zhou , Yinjian Zhao

A unified semiclassical framework is presented to describe the evaporative cooling of trapped atomic gases, accounting for both classical and quantum statistics. By combining global thermodynamics with phase-space distributions, general…

The design of embedded systems is a complex activity that involves a lot of decisions. With high performance demands of present day usage scenarios and software, they often involve energy hungry state-of-the-art computing units. While…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Ivan Švogor

In the paradigm of thermodynamic computing, instead of behaving deterministically, hardware undergoes a stochastic process in order to sample from a distribution of interest. While it has been hypothesized that thermodynamic computers may…

Detailed scheduling has traditionally been optimized for the reduction of makespan and manufacturing costs. However, growing awareness of environmental concerns and increasingly stringent regulations are pushing manufacturing towards…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Andrea Mencaroni , Pieter Leyman , Birger Raa , Stijn De Vuyst , Dieter Claeys

Global Climate Models (GCMs) provide forecasts of future climate warming using a wide variety of highly sophisticated anthropogenic CO2 emissions models as input, each based on the evolution of four emissions "drivers": population p,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2011-04-06 Timothy J. Garrett

The chemical industry is increasingly prioritising sustainability, with a focus on reducing carbon footprints to achieve net zero. By 2026, the Together for Sustainability (TfS) consortium will require reporting of biogenic carbon content…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Emma Pajak , David Walz , Olga Walz , Laura Marie Helleckes , Klaus Hellgardt , Antonio del Rio Chanona

The past decade has seen a massive rise in the popularity of AI systems, mainly owing to the developments in Gen AI, which has revolutionized numerous industries and applications. However, this progress comes at a considerable cost to the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shyam Agarwal , Mahasweta Chakraborti

In this work, we study LLMs from a carbon emission perspective, addressing both operational and embodied emissions, and paving the way for sustainable LLM serving. We characterize the performance and energy of LLaMA with 1B, 3B, and 7B…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Sophia Nguyen , Beihao Zhou , Yi Ding , Sihang Liu

Deep learning applications at the network edge lead to a significant growth in AI-related carbon emissions, presenting a critical sustainability challenge. The existing edge computing frameworks optimize for latency and throughput, but they…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Guilin Zhang , Wulan Guo , Ziqi Tan , Chuanyi Sun , Hailong Jiang

We conjecture that creativity and the perception of creativity are, at least to some extent, shaped by embodiment. This makes embodiment highly relevant for Computational Creativity (CC) research, but existing research is scarce and the use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Christian Guckelsberger , Anna Kantosalo , Santiago Negrete-Yankelevich , Tapio Takala

The increasing importance of carbon capture technologies for deployment in remediating CO2 emissions, and thus the necessity to improve capture materials to allow scalability and efficiency, faces the challenge of materials development,…

In this paper we present a new accounting model for heterogeneous supercomputers. An increasing number of supercomputing centres adopt heterogeneous architectures consisting of CPUs and hardware accelerators for their systems. Accounting…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Cristian Di Pietrantonio , Christopher Harris , Maciej Cytowski

The rise of machine learning (ML) systems has exacerbated their carbon footprint due to increased capabilities and model sizes. However, there is scarce knowledge on how the carbon footprint of ML models is actually measured, reported, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Joel Castaño , Silverio Martínez-Fernández , Xavier Franch , Justus Bogner

We introduce a model for the evolution of emissions and the price of emissions allowances in a carbon market such as the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The model accounts for multiple trading periods, or phases, with…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-21 Chassagneux Jean-Francois , Chotai Hinesh , Crisan Dan

The Global Carbon Budget, maintained by the Global Carbon Project, summarizes Earth's global carbon cycle through four annual time series beginning in 1959: atmospheric CO$_2$ concentrations, anthropogenic CO$_2$ emissions, and CO$_2$…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-12 Mikkel Bennedsen , Eric Hillebrand , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen

Due to increased computing use, data centers consume and emit a lot of energy and carbon. These contributions are expected to rise as big data analytics, digitization, and large AI models grow and become major components of daily working…