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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at language understanding but remain limited in knowledge-intensive domains due to hallucinations, outdated information, and limited explainability. Text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) helps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Larissa Pusch , Alexandre Courtiol , Tim Conrad

In the era of personalized education, the provision of comprehensible explanations for learning recommendations is of a great value to enhance the learner's understanding and engagement with the recommended learning content. Large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Hasan Abu-Rasheed , Christian Weber , Madjid Fathi

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess human-level cognitive and decision-making capabilities, making them a key technology for 6G. However, applying LLMs to the communication domain faces three major challenges: 1) Inadequate communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Feibo Jiang , Wanyun Zhu , Li Dong , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Octavia A. Dobre

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are vital for knowledge-intensive tasks and have shown promise in reducing hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, constructing high-quality KGs remains difficult, requiring accurate information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Bo Xiong , Fiona Liausvia , Dongkyu Choi , Boon Kiat Quek

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) are effective in performing various NLP tasks, they still struggle to handle tasks that require extensive, real-world knowledge, especially when dealing with long-tail facts (facts related to long-tail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Wenyu Huang , Guancheng Zhou , Mirella Lapata , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Sebastien Montella , Jeff Z. Pan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in a range of natural language processing tasks. Once deployed, LLMs encounter users with personalized factual knowledge, and such personalized knowledge is consistently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jingwei Sun , Zhixu Du , Yiran Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of performing zero-shot closed-book question answering tasks, based on their internal knowledge stored in parameters during pre-training. However, such internalized knowledge might be insufficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jinheon Baek , Alham Fikri Aji , Amir Saffari

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT have recently achieved great success and become a milestone in natural language processing (NLP). It is now the consensus of the NLP community to adopt PLMs as the backbone for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Nan Hu , Yike Wu , Guilin Qi , Dehai Min , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan , Zafar Ali

Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in text understanding and zero-shot reasoning. However, delays in knowledge updates may cause them to reason incorrectly or produce harmful results. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Tu Ao , Yanhua Yu , Yuling Wang , Yang Deng , Zirui Guo , Liang Pang , Pinghui Wang , Tat-Seng Chua , Xiao Zhang , Zhen Cai

Knowledge infusion is a promising method for enhancing Large Language Models for domain-specific NLP tasks rather than pre-training models over large data from scratch. These augmented LLMs typically depend on additional pre-training or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Kinshuk Vasisht , Balaji Ganesan , Vikas Kumar , Vasudha Bhatnagar

Large language models have become integral to question-answering applications despite their propensity for generating hallucinations and factually inaccurate content. Querying knowledge graphs to reduce hallucinations in LLM meets the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Tong Zhou , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT3.5, GPT4 and LLAMA2 perform surprisingly well and outperform human experts on many tasks. However, in many domain-specific evaluations, these LLMs often suffer from hallucination problems due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Yuqi Wang , Boran Jiang , Yi Luo , Dawei He , Peng Cheng , Liangcai Gao

Knowledge graphs play a vital role in numerous artificial intelligence tasks, yet they frequently face the issue of incompleteness. In this study, we explore utilizing Large Language Models (LLM) for knowledge graph completion. We consider…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Liang Yao , Jiazhen Peng , Chengsheng Mao , Yuan Luo

The `pre-train, prompt, predict' paradigm of large language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success in open-domain question answering (OD-QA). However, few works explore this paradigm in the scenario of multi-document question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yu Wang , Nedim Lipka , Ryan A. Rossi , Alexa Siu , Ruiyi Zhang , Tyler Derr

Knowledge Graph-based recommendations have gained significant attention due to their ability to leverage rich semantic relationships. However, constructing and maintaining Knowledge Graphs (KGs) is resource-intensive, and the accuracy of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Rui Cai , Chao Wang , Qianyi Cai , Dazhong Shen , Hui Xiong

The growing trend of Large Language Models (LLM) development has attracted significant attention, with models for various applications emerging consistently. However, the combined application of Large Language Models with semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Milena Trajanoska , Riste Stojanov , Dimitar Trajanov

Advancements in natural language processing have revolutionized the way we can interact with digital information systems, such as databases, making them more accessible. However, challenges persist, especially when accuracy is critical, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Larissa Pusch , Tim O. F. Conrad

Large Language Models (LLMs) present massive inherent knowledge and superior semantic comprehension capability, which have revolutionized various tasks in natural language processing. Despite their success, a critical gap remains in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ben Liu , Jihai Zhang , Fangquan Lin , Cheng Yang , Min Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) offer a promising approach to robust and explainable Question Answering (QA). While LLMs excel at natural language understanding, they suffer from knowledge gaps and hallucinations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jasper Linders , Jakub M. Tomczak

Incorporating factual knowledge in knowledge graph is regarded as a promising approach for mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods usually only use the user's input to query the knowledge graph, thus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Xinyan Guan , Yanjiang Liu , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun