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Data has been regarded as a valuable asset with the fast development of artificial intelligence technologies. In this paper, we introduce deep-learning neural network-based frequency-domain watermarking for protecting energy system time…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Zhenghao Zhou , Yiyan Li , Xinjie Yu , Jian Ping , Xiaoyuan Xu , Zheng Yan , Mohammad Shahidehpour

AI-powered generative models have significantly expanded the possibilities for editing, manipulating, and creating high-quality images. Particularly, images that falsely appear to originate from trusted sources pose a serious threat,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Mathias Graf , Marco Willi , Melanie Mathys , Michael Aerni , Christian Schwarzer , Martin Melchior , Michael H. Graber

As generative artificial intelligence technologies like Stable Diffusion advance, visual content becomes more vulnerable to misuse, raising concerns about copyright infringement. Visual watermarks serve as effective protection mechanisms,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Junxian Duan , Jiyang Guan , Wenkui Yang , Ran He

Backdoor watermarking has emerged as the predominant approach for protecting public datasets, enabling dataset ownership verification (DOV) through embedded triggers that induce predefined model behaviors. While existing works assume that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhiying Li , Zhi Liu , Dongjie Liu , Shengda Zhuo , Guanggang Geng , Zhaoxin Fan , Shanxiang Lyu , Xiaobo Jin , Jian Weng

Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) enable a wide range of applications but raise ethical concerns regarding illegal utilization. Adding watermarks to generative model outputs is a vital technique employed for copyright tracking and mitigating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Liangqi Lei , Keke Gai , Jing Yu , Liehuang Zhu

We study protecting a user's data (images in this work) against a learner's unauthorized use in training neural networks. It is especially challenging when the user's data is only a tiny percentage of the learner's complete training set. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Zihang Zou , Boqing Gong , Liqiang Wang

Watermarking of deep neural networks (DNN) can enable their tracing once released by a data owner. In this paper, we generalize white-box watermarking algorithms for DNNs, where the data owner needs white-box access to the model to extract…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Tianhao Wang , Florian Kerschbaum

Deep Learning (DL) models have caused a paradigm shift in our ability to comprehend raw data in various important fields, ranging from intelligence warfare and healthcare to autonomous transportation and automated manufacturing. A practical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Bita Darvish Rouhani , Huili Chen , Farinaz Koushanfar

Trigger set-based watermarking schemes have gained emerging attention as they provide a means to prove ownership for deep neural network model owners. In this paper, we argue that state-of-the-art trigger set-based watermarking algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Suyoung Lee , Wonho Song , Suman Jana , Meeyoung Cha , Sooel Son

As large language models (LLMs) grow more powerful, concerns over copyright infringement of LLM-generated texts have intensified. LLM watermarking has been proposed to trace unauthorized redistribution or resale of generated content by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qihao Lin , Chen Tang , Lan zhang , Junyang zhang , Xiangyang Li

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in learning complex hierarchical data representations, but the nature of these representations remains largely unknown. Existing global explainability methods, such as Network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Kirill Bykov , Laura Kopf , Shinichi Nakajima , Marius Kloft , Marina M. -C. Höhne

In recent years, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have had a dramatic impact on a variety of problems that were long considered very difficult, e. g., image classification and automatic language translation to name just a few. The accuracy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Yannik Potdevin , Dirk Nowotka , Vijay Ganesh

Recent fine-tuning techniques for diffusion models enable them to reproduce specific image sets, such as particular faces or artistic styles, but also introduce copyright and security risks. Dataset watermarking has been proposed to ensure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xincheng Wang , Hanchi Sun , Wenjun Sun , Kejun Xue , Wangqiu Zhou , Jianbo Zhang , Wei Sun , Dandan Zhu , Xiongkuo Min , Jun Jia , Zhijun Fang

The huge supporting training data on the Internet has been a key factor in the success of deep learning models. However, this abundance of public-available data also raises concerns about the unauthorized exploitation of datasets for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ruixiang Tang , Qizhang Feng , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Xia Hu

Deep neural network (DNN) watermarking is a suitable method for protecting the ownership of deep learning (DL) models. It secretly embeds an identifier (watermark) within the model, which can be retrieved by the owner to prove ownership. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Reda Bellafqira , Gouenou Coatrieux

As spiking neural networks (SNNs) gain traction in deploying neuromorphic computing solutions, protecting their intellectual property (IP) has become crucial. Without adequate safeguards, proprietary SNN architectures are at risk of theft,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Hamed Poursiami , Ihsen Alouani , Maryam Parsa

Machine learning involves expensive data collection and training procedures. Model owners may be concerned that valuable intellectual property can be leaked if adversaries mount model extraction attacks. As it is difficult to defend against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Hengrui Jia , Christopher A. Choquette-Choo , Varun Chandrasekaran , Nicolas Papernot

The functionality of a deep learning (DL) model can be stolen via model extraction where an attacker obtains a surrogate model by utilizing the responses from a prediction API of the original model. In this work, we propose a novel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Abhishek Chakraborty , Daniel Xing , Yuntao Liu , Ankur Srivastava

The intellectual property protection of deep learning (DL) models has attracted increasing serious concerns. Many works on intellectual property protection for Deep Neural Networks (DNN) models have been proposed. The vast majority of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Mingfu Xue , Leo Yu Zhang , Yushu Zhang , Weiqiang Liu

Video watermarking embeds a message into a cover video in an imperceptible manner, which can be retrieved even if the video undergoes certain modifications or distortions. Traditional watermarking methods are often manually designed for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Xiyang Luo , Yinxiao Li , Huiwen Chang , Ce Liu , Peyman Milanfar , Feng Yang