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When analyzing data from multiple sources, it is often convenient to strike a careful balance between two goals: capturing the heterogeneity of the samples and sharing information across them. We introduce a novel framework to model a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-02 Laura D'Angelo , Bernardo Nipoti , Andrea Ongaro

Clustering is commonly performed as an initial analysis step for uncovering structure in 'omics datasets, e.g. to discover molecular subtypes of disease. The high-throughput, high-dimensional nature of these datasets means that they provide…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-02 Paul D. W. Kirk , Filippo Pagani , Sylvia Richardson

We consider an extension of model-based clustering to the semi-supervised case, where some of the data are pre-labeled. We provide a derivation of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) approximation to the Bayes factor in this setting.…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-04-28 Jordan Yoder , Carey E. Priebe

Finding patient subgroups with similar characteristics is crucial for personalized decision-making in various disciplines such as healthcare and policy evaluation. While most existing approaches rely on unsupervised clustering methods,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Luwei Wang , Nazir Lone , Sohan Seth

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) requires a model to both classify known categories and cluster unknown categories in unlabeled data. Prior methods leveraged self-supervised pre-training combined with supervised fine-tuning on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Rabah Ouldnoughi , Chia-Wen Kuo , Zsolt Kira

Multi-label classification is crucial for comprehensive image understanding, yet acquiring accurate annotations is challenging and costly. To address this, a recent study suggests exploiting unsupervised multi-label classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Dongseob Kim , Hyunjung Shim

Clustering is one of the most widely used procedures in the analysis of microarray data, for example with the goal of discovering cancer subtypes based on observed heterogeneity of genetic marks between different tissues. It is well-known…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-04-21 Heng Lian

Nonparametric Bayesian approaches provide a flexible framework for clustering without pre-specifying the number of groups, yet they are well known to overestimate the number of clusters, especially for functional data. We show that a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-21 Fumiya Iwashige , Tomoya Wakayama , Shonosuke Sugasawa , Shintaro Hashimoto

Multi-view clustering aims at exploiting information from multiple heterogeneous views to promote clustering. Most previous works search for only one optimal clustering based on the predefined clustering criterion, but devising such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Shaowei Wei , Jun Wang , Guoxian Yu , Carlotta Domeniconi , Xiangliang Zhang

Bayesian hierarchical modeling is a natural framework to effectively integrate data and borrow information across groups. In this paper, we address problems related to density estimation and identifying clusters across related groups, by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-29 Huizi Zhang , Sara Wade , Natalia Bochkina

Cluster analysis aims at partitioning data into groups or clusters. In applications, it is common to deal with problems where the number of clusters is unknown. Bayesian mixture models employed in such applications usually specify a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-27 Jan Greve , Bettina Grün , Gertraud Malsiner-Walli , Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter

Semi-supervised clustering is the task of clustering data points into clusters where only a fraction of the points are labelled. The true number of clusters in the data is often unknown and most models require this parameter as an input.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Amar Shah , Zoubin Ghahramani

Bayesian paradigm takes advantage of well fitting complicated survival models and feasible computing in survival analysis owing to the superiority in tackling the complex censoring scheme, compared with the frequentist paradigm. In this…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-10 Chong Zhong , Zhihua Ma , Junshan Shen , Catherine Liu

We propose a Bayesian approach for model-based clustering of multivariate categorical data where variables are allowed to be associated within clusters and the number of clusters is unknown. The approach uses a two-layer mixture of finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-09 Gertraud Malsiner-Walli , Bettina Grün , Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter

There is a rich literature on clustering functional data with applications to time-series modeling, trajectory data, and even spatio-temporal applications. However, existing methods routinely perform global clustering that enforces…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-16 Tsung-Hung Yao , Suprateek Kundu

Contrastive Language Image Pre-training (CLIP) has recently demonstrated success across various tasks due to superior feature representation empowered by image-text contrastive learning. However, the instance discrimination method used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiang An , Kaicheng Yang , Xiangzi Dai , Ziyong Feng , Jiankang Deng

One of the most used priors in Bayesian clustering is the Dirichlet prior. It can be expressed as a Chinese Restaurant Process. This process allows nonparametric estimation of the number of clusters when partitioning datasets. Its key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Gaël Poux-Médard , Julien Velcin , Sabine Loudcher

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has achieved excellent performance over a wide range of tasks. However, the effectiveness of CLIP heavily relies on a substantial corpus of pre-training data, resulting in notable consumption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Kaicheng Yang , Tiancheng Gu , Xiang An , Haiqiang Jiang , Xiangzi Dai , Ziyong Feng , Weidong Cai , Jiankang Deng

Bayesian models based on the Dirichlet process and other stick-breaking priors have been proposed as core ingredients for clustering, topic modeling, and other unsupervised learning tasks. Prior specification is, however, relatively…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-27 Ryan Giordano , Runjing Liu , Michael I. Jordan , Tamara Broderick

Multi-view clustering has shown to be an effective method for analyzing underlying patterns in multi-view data. The performance of clustering can be improved by learning the consistency and complementarity between multi-view features,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Shihao Dong , Yuhui Zheng , Huiying Xu , Xinzhong Zhu