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The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Kohtaro Tadaki

In this paper, we introduce the first principled adaptive-sampling procedure for learning a convex function in the $L_\infty$ norm, a problem that arises often in the behavioral and social sciences. We present a function-specific measure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Max Simchowitz , Kevin Jamieson , Jordan W. Suchow , Thomas L. Griffiths

The Central Limit Theorem provides a foundation for inferential statistics and hypothesis testing. It describes how standardized statistics behave under repeated sampling from large populations. However, if the size of the sample (n)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Mike Crowhurst

In this paper we use a probabilistic approach to derive the expressions for the characteristic functions of basic statistics defined on permutation tableaux. Since our expressions are exact, we can identify the distributions of basic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-09 Pawel Hitczenko , Svante Janson

We introduce a concept for random tilings which, comprising the conventional one, is also applicable to tiling ensembles without height representation. In particular, we focus on the random tiling entropy as a function of the tile…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-08-28 Christoph Richard , Moritz Hoeffe , Joachim Hermisson , Michael Baake

Model averaging techniques based on resampling methods (such as bootstrapping or subsampling) have been utilized across many areas of statistics, often with the explicit goal of promoting stability in the resulting output. We provide a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Jake A. Soloff , Rina Foygel Barber , Rebecca Willett

Let $\A$ be the operator which assigns to each $m \times n$ matrix-valued function on the unit circle with entries in $H^\infty + C$ its unique superoptimal approximant in the space of bounded analytic $m \times n$ matrix-valued functions…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Vladimir V. Peller , Nicholas J. Young

We consider a random interval splitting process, in which the splitting rule depends on the empirical distribution of interval lengths. We show that this empirical distribution converges to a limit almost surely as the number of intervals…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Pascal Maillard , Elliot Paquette

We propose a "decomposition method" to prove non-asymptotic bound for the convergence of empirical measures in various dual norms. The main point is to show that if one measures convergence in duality with sufficiently regular observables,…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-13 Benoît Kloeckner

Using properties of the nonstandard physical world, a new fundamental derivation for all of the effects of the Special Theory of Relativity is given. This fundamental derivation removes all the contradictions and logical difficulties in the…

General Physics · Physics 2009-08-22 Robert A. Herrmann

We establish general "collapse to the mean" principles that provide conditions under which a law-invariant functional reduces to an expectation. In the convex setting, we retrieve and sharpen known results from the literature. However, our…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-15 Felix-Benedikt Liebrich , Cosimo Munari

Assume that samples of a filtered version of a function in a shift-invariant space are avalaible. This work deals with the existence of a sampling formula involving these samples and having reconstruction functions with compact support.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-06-13 A. G. Garcia , M. A. Hernandez-Medina , G. Perez-Villalon

A thermodynamic-like formalism is developed for superstatistical systems based on conditional entropies. This theory takes into account large-scale variations of intensive variables of systems in nonequilibrium stationary states. Ordinary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sumiyoshi Abe , Christian Beck , E. G. D. Cohen

In this paper, we address the random sampling problem for the class of Mellin band-limited functions BT which is concentrated on a bounded cube. It is established that any function in BT can be approximated by an element in a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Shivam Bajpeyi , Dhiraj Patel , S. Sivananthan

In many applications, the observations can be represented as a signal defined over the vertices of a graph. The analysis of such signals requires the extension of standard signal processing tools. In this work, first, we provide a class of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Mikhail Tsitsvero , Sergio Barbarossa , Paolo Di Lorenzo

Normalization is ubiquitous in economics, and a growing literature shows that ``normalizations'' can matter for interpretation, counterfactual analysis, misspecification, and inference. This paper provides a general framework for these…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-09 Wayne Gao

The irregularities of a distribution of $N$ points in the unit interval are often measured with various notions of discrepancy. The discrepancy function can be defined with respect to intervals of the form $[0,t)\subset [0,1)$ or arbitrary…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-27 Ralph Kritzinger , Markus Passenbrunner

A notion of convolution is presented in the context of formal power series together with lifting constructions characterising algebras of such series, which usually are quantales. A number of examples underpin the universality of these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-17 Brijesh Dongol , Ian J. Hayes , Georg Struth

The focus of this article is the approximation of functions which are analytic on a compact interval except at the endpoints. Typical numerical methods for approximating such functions depend upon the use of particular conformal maps from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-05 Ben Adcock , Mark Richardson

Uncertainty sampling is a prevalent active learning algorithm that queries sequentially the annotations of data samples which the current prediction model is uncertain about. However, the usage of uncertainty sampling has been largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shang Liu , Xiaocheng Li