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We introduce a novel deep learning algorithm for computing convex conjugates of differentiable convex functions, a fundamental operation in convex analysis with various applications in different fields such as optimization, control theory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Aleksey Minabutdinov , Patrick Cheridito

This paper proposes a new way of regularizing an inverse problem in imaging (e.g., deblurring or inpainting) by means of a deep generative neural network. Compared to end-to-end models, such approaches seem particularly interesting since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Thomas Oberlin , Mathieu Verm

Neural network training is usually accomplished by solving a non-convex optimization problem using stochastic gradient descent. Although one optimizes over the networks parameters, the main loss function generally only depends on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Julius Berner , Dennis Elbrächter , Philipp Grohs

We study regularized deep neural networks (DNNs) and introduce a convex analytic framework to characterize the structure of the hidden layers. We show that a set of optimal hidden layer weights for a norm regularized DNN training problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Reconstructing complex networks from measurable data is a fundamental problem for understanding and controlling collective dynamics of complex networked systems. However, a significant challenge arises when we attempt to decode structural…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-11-20 Xiao Han , Zhesi Shen , Wen-Xu Wang , Zengru Di

In this work, we propose to train a deep neural network by distributed optimization over a graph. Two nonlinear functions are considered: the rectified linear unit (ReLU) and a linear unit with both lower and upper cutoffs (DCutLU). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Guoqiang Zhang , W. Bastiaan Kleijn

This paper presents a new mathematical framework to analyze the loss functions of deep neural networks with ReLU functions. Furthermore, as as application of this theory, we prove that the loss functions can reconstruct the inputs of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-21 Akiyoshi Sannai

The joint optimization of the reconstruction and classification error is a hard non convex problem, especially when a non linear mapping is utilized. In order to overcome this obstacle, a novel optimization strategy is proposed, in which a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Ioannis A. Nellas , Sotiris K. Tasoulis , Vassilis P. Plagianakos , Spiros V. Georgakopoulos

In this paper, we introduce a novel analysis of neural networks based on geometric (Clifford) algebra and convex optimization. We show that optimal weights of deep ReLU neural networks are given by the wedge product of training samples when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Mert Pilanci

In this paper, we consider deep neural networks for solving inverse problems that are robust to forward model mis-specifications. Specifically, we treat sensing problems with model mismatch where one wishes to recover a sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Wei Pu , Chao Zhou , Yonina C. Eldar , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues

Prior work on Private Inference (PI) -- inferences performed directly on encrypted input -- has focused on minimizing a network's ReLUs, which have been assumed to dominate PI latency rather than FLOPs. Recent work has shown that FLOPs for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen

This paper develops algorithms for high-dimensional stochastic control problems based on deep learning and dynamic programming. Unlike classical approximate dynamic programming approaches, we first approximate the optimal policy by means of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Côme Huré , Huyên Pham , Achref Bachouch , Nicolas Langrené

The NP-hard problem of optimizing a shallow ReLU network can be characterized as a combinatorial search over each training example's activation pattern followed by a constrained convex problem given a fixed set of activation patterns. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Michael Matena , Colin Raffel

Deep learning approaches, known for their ability to model complex relationships and fast execution, are increasingly being applied to solve large optimization problems. However, existing methods often face challenges in simultaneously…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Zisheng Zhou , Dengyu Zheng , Zirui Chen , Shixiang Chen

This paper introduces scalable, sampling-based algorithms that optimize trained neural networks with ReLU activations. We first propose an iterative algorithm that takes advantage of the piecewise linear structure of ReLU neural networks…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Georgia Perakis , Asterios Tsiourvas

We explore convergence of deep neural networks with the popular ReLU activation function, as the depth of the networks tends to infinity. To this end, we introduce the notion of activation domains and activation matrices of a ReLU network.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang

A neural network with one hidden layer or a two-layer network (regardless of the input layer) is the simplest feedforward neural network, whose mechanism may be the basis of more general network architectures. However, even to this type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Changcun Huang

In this work we propose the use of adaptive stochastic search as a building block for general, non-convex optimization operations within deep neural network architectures. Specifically, for an objective function located at some layer in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Ioannis Exarchos , Marcus A. Pereira , Ziyi Wang , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Recently, theoretical analyses of deep neural networks have broadly focused on two directions: 1) Providing insight into neural network training by SGD in the limit of infinite hidden-layer width and infinitesimally small learning rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Rajat Vadiraj Dwaraknath , Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

In this paper, we present a novel nonlinear programming-based approach to fine-tune pre-trained neural networks to improve robustness against adversarial attacks while maintaining high accuracy on clean data. Our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Shudian Zhao , Jan Kronqvist