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Infants' neurological development is heavily influenced by their motor skills. Evaluating a baby's movements is key to understanding possible risks of developmental disorders in their growth. Previous research in psychology has shown that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Bruno Tafur , Marwa Mahmoud , Staci Weiss

In this paper, we will argue that if we want to understand the function of the brain (or the control in the case of robots), we must understand how the brain is embedded into the physical system, and how the organism interacts with the real…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-03 Matej Hoffmann , Rolf Pfeifer

Children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities or severe motor and intellectual disabilities only communicate through movements, vocalizations, body postures, muscle tensions, or facial expressions on a pre- or protosymbolic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Von Ralph Dane Marquez Herbuela , Tomonori Karita , Yoshiya Furukawa , Yoshinori Wada , Shuichiro Senba , Eiko Onishi , Tatsuo Saeki

Enabling physics-based humanoids to execute diverse behaviors from high-level textual commands remains a significant challenge. Existing methods typically follow either a two-stage paradigm that combines kinematic motion generation with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bin Li , Ruichi Zhang , Han Liang , Jingyan Zhang , Juze Zhang , Xin Chen , Jingya Wang

Understanding people's social interactions in complex real-world scenarios often relies on intricate mental reasoning. To truly understand how and why people interact with one another, we must infer the underlying mental states that give…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Haojun Shi , Suyu Ye , Xinyu Fang , Chuanyang Jin , Leyla Isik , Yen-Ling Kuo , Tianmin Shu

Current artificial learning systems can recognize thousands of visual categories, or play Go at a champion"s level, but cannot explain infants learning, in particular the ability to learn complex concepts without guidance, in a specific…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-06-23 Shimon Ullman , Nimrod Dorfman , Daniel Harari

In this paper, we introduce MIO, a novel foundation model built on multimodal tokens, capable of understanding and generating speech, text, images, and videos in an end-to-end, autoregressive manner. While the emergence of large language…

While previous multimodal slow-thinking methods have demonstrated remarkable success in single-image understanding scenarios, their effectiveness becomes fundamentally constrained when extended to more complex multi-image comprehension…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Guanghao Zhang , Tao Zhong , Yan Xia , Mushui Liu , Zhelun Yu , Haoyuan Li , Wanggui He , Fangxun Shu , Dong She , Yi Wang , Hao Jiang

Having a rich multimodal inner language is an important component of human intelligence that enables several necessary core cognitive functions such as multimodal prediction, translation, and generation. Building upon the Conscious Turing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Paul Pu Liang

The potential of multimodal generative artificial intelligence (mAI) to replicate human grounded language understanding, including the pragmatic, context-rich aspects of communication, remains to be clarified. Humans are known to use…

As humans, we experience the world with all our senses or modalities (sound, sight, touch, smell, and taste). We use these modalities, particularly sight and touch, to convey and interpret specific meanings. Multimodal expressions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Anirudh Sundar , Larry Heck

This study investigates the use of large language models (LLMs) for human behavior understanding by jointly leveraging motion and video data. We argue that integrating these complementary modalities is essential for capturing both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Rajan Das Gupta , Lei Wei , Md Yeasin Rahat , Nafiz Fahad , Abir Ahmed , Liew Tze Hui

Humans' experience of the world is profoundly multimodal from the beginning, so why do existing state-of-the-art language models only use text as a modality to learn and represent semantic meaning? In this paper we review the literature on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Casey Kennington

As the application of Embodied AI Agents in avatars, wearable devices, and robotic systems continues to deepen, their core research challenges have gradually shifted from physical environment interaction to the accurate understanding of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Biyuan Liu , Daigang Xu , Lei Jiang , Wenjun Guo , Ping Chen

With the rise of modern deep learning, neural networks have become an essential part of virtually every artificial intelligence system, making it difficult even to imagine different models for intelligent behavior. In contrast, nature…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Alican Mertan , Nick Cheney

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and multimodal speech-text models have laid the groundwork for seamless voice interactions, enabling real-time, natural, and human-like conversations. Previous models for voice…

Figuring out which objects or concepts words refer to is a central language learning challenge for young children. Most models of this process posit that children learn early object labels from co-occurrences of words and their referents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Alvin Wei Ming Tan , Jane Yang , Tarun Sepuri , Khai Loong Aw , Robert Z. Sparks , Zi Yin , Virginia A. Marchman , Michael C. Frank , Bria Long

Early in development, infants learn to extract surprisingly complex aspects of visual scenes. This early learning comes together with an initial understanding of the extracted concepts, such as their implications, causality, and using them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Shify Treger , Shimon Ullman

Imitation learning from human demonstrations offers a promising approach for robot skill acquisition, but egocentric human data introduces fundamental challenges due to the embodiment gap. During manipulation, humans actively coordinate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Justin Yu , Yide Shentu , Di Wu , Pieter Abbeel , Ken Goldberg , Philipp Wu

Concept learning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition and plays a critical role in mental processes such as categorization, reasoning, memory, and decision-making. Researchers across various disciplines have shown consistent interest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Yuwei Wang , Yi Zeng