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Quantum computer emulators model the behavior and error rates of specific quantum processors. Without accurate noise models in these emulators, it is challenging for users to optimize and debug executable quantum programs prior to running…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Matthew Ho , Jun Yong Khoo , Adrian M. Mak , Stefano Carrazza

Quantum state tomography (QST) is plagued by the ``curse of dimensionality'' due to the exponentially-scaled complexity in measurement and data post-processing. Efficient QST schemes for large-scale mixed states are currently missing. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Wen-jun Li , Kai Xu , Heng Fan , Shi-ju Ran , Gang Su

The ability to perform high-fidelity quantum nondemolition qubit readout is pivotal for the realization of large and powerful quantum computers. Such readout of superconducting qubits is generally enabled by amplifying the weak dispersive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Baleegh Abdo , William Shanks , Oblesh Jinka , J. R. Rozen

Quantum computation has been growing rapidly in both theory and experiments. In particular, quantum computing devices with a large number of qubits have been developed by IBM, Google, IonQ, and others. The current quantum computing devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Rishabh Gupta , Rongxin Xia , Raphael D. Levine , Sabre Kais

There has been tremendous progress in the physical realization of quantum computing hardware in recent times, bringing us closer than ever before to realizing the promise of quantum computing. However, noise continues to pose a crucial…

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

Quantum noise constitutes a fundamental obstacle to realizing practical quantum technologies. To address the pivotal challenge of identifying quantum systems least affected by noise, we introduce the purest quantum state identification,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Yingqi Yu , Honglin Chen , Jun Wu , Wei Xie , Xiangyang Li

Measurements on current quantum processors are subject to hardware imperfections that lead to readout errors. These errors manifest themselves as a bias in quantum expectation values. Here, we propose a very simple method that forces the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-04 Ewout van den Berg , Zlatko K. Minev , Kristan Temme

The inevitable accumulation of errors in near-future quantum devices represents a key obstacle in delivering practical quantum advantages, motivating the development of various quantum error-mitigation methods. Here, we derive fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-23 Ryuji Takagi , Suguru Endo , Shintaro Minagawa , Mile Gu

Measurements that occur within the internal layers of a quantum circuit -- mid-circuit measurements -- are an important quantum computing primitive, most notably for quantum error correction. Mid-circuit measurements have both classical and…

Quantum error correction codes (QECCs) are critical for realizing reliable quantum computing by protecting fragile quantum states against noise and errors. However, limited research has analyzed the noise resilience of QECCs to help select…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Avimita Chatterjee , Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

Neutral atoms are a promising platform for scalable quantum computing, however prior demonstration of high fidelity gates or low-loss readout methods have employed restricted numbers of qubits. Using randomized benchmarking of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-20 B. Nikolov , E. Diamond-Hitchcock , J. Bass , N. L. R. Spong , J. D. Pritchard

We present a two-state practical quantum bit commitment protocol, the security of which is based on the current technological limitations, namely the nonexistence of either stable long-term quantum memories or nondemolition measurements.…

Reducing noise in quantum systems is a major challenge towards the application of quantum technologies. Here, we propose and demonstrate a scheme to reduce noise using a quantum autoencoder with rigorous performance guarantees. The quantum…

Quantum error mitigation plays a crucial role in the current noisy-intermediate-scale-quantum (NISQ) era. As we advance towards achieving a practical quantum advantage in the near term, error mitigation emerges as an indispensable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-25 Peiyi Li , Ji Liu , Alvin Gonzales , Zain Hamid Saleem , Huiyang Zhou , Paul Hovland

Quantum Computing (QC) promises computational speedup over classic computing for solving complex problems. However, noise exists in current and near-term quantum computers. Quantum software testing (for gaining confidence in quantum…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Asmar Muqeet , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali , Paolo Arcaini

Qutrit state readout is an important technology not only for execution of qutrit algorithms but also for erasure detection in error correction circuits and leakage error characterization of the gate set. Conventional technique using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Naoki Kanazawa , Haruki Emori , David C. McKay

Noise in existing quantum processors only enables an approximation to ideal quantum computation. However, these approximations can be vastly improved by error mitigation, for the computation of expectation values, as shown by small-scale…

Qubit loss errors constitute a dominant source of noise in many quantum hardware systems, particularly in neutral atom quantum computers. We develop a theoretical framework to effectively detect and correct loss errors in logical algorithms…

We propose a quantum error mitigation scheme for single-qubit measurement errors, particularly suited for one-way quantum computation. Contrary to well established error mitigation methods for circuit-based quantum computation, that require…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Tobias Hartung , Stephan Schuster , Joachim von Zanthier , Karl Jansen