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Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) is extremely insensitive to sample morphology when implemented in a back-reflection geometry. The capabilities of this non-invasive technique for cultural heritage applications have been explored…
Resonant elastic x-ray scattering (REXS) is an exquisite element-sensitive tool for the study of subtle charge, orbital, and spin superlattice orders driven by the valence electrons, which therefore escape detection in conventional x-ray…
Compact direct electron detectors are becoming increasingly popular in electron microscopy applications including electron backscatter diffraction, as they offer an opportunity for low cost and accessible microstructural analysis. In this…
Intense short-wavelength pulses from free-electron lasers and high-harmonic-generation sources enable diffractive imaging of individual nano-sized objects with a single x-ray laser shot. The enormous data sets with up to several million…
Traditional trial-and-error methods are obstacles for large-scale searching of new optoelectronic materials. Here, we introduce a method combining high-throughput ab initio calculations and machine-learning approaches to predict…
Fluid flow through intricate confining geometries often exhibits complex behaviors, certainly in porous materials, e.g. in groundwater flows or the operation of filtration devices and porous catalysts. However, it has remained extremely…
Large aperture ground based solar telescopes allow the solar atmosphere to be resolved in unprecedented detail. However, observations are limited by Earths turbulent atmosphere, requiring post image corrections. Current reconstruction…
Nanoparticles occur in various environments as a consequence of man-made processes, which raises concerns about their impact on the environment and human health. To allow for proper risk assessment, a precise and statistically relevant…
Electron microscopy is widely used to explore defects in crystal structures, but human detecting of defects is often time-consuming, error-prone, and unreliable, and is not scalable to large numbers of images or real-time analysis. In this…
We proposed a novel approach to coherent imaging of dynamic samples. The inter-frame similarity of the sample's local structures is found to be a powerful constraint in phasing a sequence of diffraction patterns. We devised a new image…
Ptychography is a data-intensive computational imaging technique that achieves high spatial resolution over large fields of view. The technique involves scanning a coherent beam across overlapping regions and recording diffraction patterns.…
Diffraction drastically limits the bit density in optical data storage. To increase the storage density, alternative strategies involving supplementary recording dimensions and robust read-out schemes must be explored. Here, we propose to…
High-throughput biological imaging is often constrained by a trade-off between acquisition speed and image quality. Fast imaging modalities, such as wide-field fluorescence microscopy, enable large-scale data acquisition but suffer from…
X-ray microtomography is a versatile tool allowing the measurement of the 3D structure of optically thick samples. As a non-destructive technique, it is readily adapted to 4D imaging, where a sample can be monitored over time, and…
This study introduces a novel unsupervised medical image feature extraction method that employs spatial stratification techniques. An objective function based on weight is proposed to achieve the purpose of fast image recognition. The…
Because of their high photon flux, X-ray free-electron lasers (FEL) allow to resolve the structure of individual nanoparticles via coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) within a single X-ray pulse. Since the inevitable rapid destruction of the…
Due to the high complexity and technical requirements of industrial production processes, surface defects will inevitably appear, which seriously affects the quality of products. Although existing lightweight detection networks are highly…
Scanning X-ray nanodiffraction microscopy is a powerful technique for spatially resolving nanoscale structural morphologies by diffraction contrast. One of the critical challenges in experimental nanodiffraction data analysis is posed by…
Ultrafast scattering using X-rays or electrons is an emerging method to obtain structure dynamics at the atomic length and time scales. However, directly resolving in real-space atomic motions is inherently limited by the finite detector…
Accurate determination of crystal structures is central to materials science, underpinning the understanding of composition-structure-property relationships and the discovery of new materials. Powder X-ray diffraction is a key technique in…