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Decoding visual stimuli from neural responses recorded by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) presents an intriguing intersection between cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, promising advancements in understanding human…

Contrastive image-text pre-trained models such as CLIP have shown remarkable adaptability to downstream tasks. However, they face challenges due to the high computational requirements of the Vision Transformer (ViT) backbone. Current…

This work introduces a novel approach to fMRI-based visual image reconstruction using a subject-agnostic common representation space. We show that the brain signals of the subjects can be aligned in this common space during training to form…

Understanding how humans process visual information is one of the crucial steps for unraveling the underlying mechanism of brain activity. Recently, this curiosity has motivated the fMRI-to-image reconstruction task; given the fMRI data…

Predicting future brain state from a baseline magnetic resonance image (MRI) is a central challenge in neuroimaging and has important implications for studying neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most existing…

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) typically assume a uniform spatial fidelity across the entire field of view of visual inputs, dedicating equal precision to even the uninformative regions. By contrast, human vision is neither uniform nor…

Given a query from one modality, few-shot cross-modal retrieval (CMR) retrieves semantically similar instances in another modality with the target domain including classes that are disjoint from the source domain. Compared with classical…

Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) is a fundamental yet challenging task due to the presence of noise, loss of detail, and poor contrast in images captured under insufficient lighting conditions. Recent methods often rely solely on…

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4V have demonstrated remarkable advancements, excelling in a variety of vision-language tasks. Despite their prowess, the closed-source nature and computational demands…

Training visual embeddings with labeled data supervision has been the de facto setup for representation learning in computer vision. Inspired by recent success of adopting masked image modeling (MIM) in self-supervised representation…

Efficiently adapting large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP for few-shot learning poses challenges in balancing pre-trained knowledge retention and task-specific adaptation. Existing methods often overlook valuable structural…

We present a brain-to-image system that decodes visual stimuli from EEG signals recorded during natural image viewing. Our system addresses two tasks: (1) EEG-to-image retrieval, which ranks the correct stimulus image among 200 candidates…

This paper presents SimMIM, a simple framework for masked image modeling. We simplify recently proposed related approaches without special designs such as block-wise masking and tokenization via discrete VAE or clustering. To study what let…

Diffusion MRI microstructure fitting is nonconvex and often performed voxelwise, which limits fiber peak recovery in narrow crossings. This work introduces PRISM, a differentiable analysis-by-synthesis framework that fits an explicit…

Understanding how the brain encodes visual information is a central challenge in neuroscience and machine learning. A promising approach is to reconstruct visual stimuli, essentially images, from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)…

Purpose To develop and evaluate a deep learning-based method (MC-Net) to suppress motion artifacts in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods MC-Net was derived from a UNet combined with a two-stage multi-loss function. T1-weighted…

Foundation models provide robust embeddings for diverse tasks, including medical imaging. We evaluate embeddings from seven general and medical-specific foundation models (e.g., DenseNet121, BiomedCLIP, MedImageInsight, Rad-DINO,…

Fine-grained text-to-image retrieval aims to retrieve a fine-grained target image with a given text query. Existing methods typically assume that each training image is accurately depicted by its textual descriptions. However, textual…

Medical image segmentation has achieved remarkable advancements using deep neural networks (DNNs). However, DNNs often need big amounts of data and annotations for training, both of which can be difficult and costly to obtain. In this work,…

Due to the lack of paired samples and the low signal-to-noise ratio of functional MRI (fMRI) signals, reconstructing perceived natural images or decoding their semantic contents from fMRI data are challenging tasks. In this work, we…