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We consider a new family $(\mathcal{T}_n)_{n\geq1}$ of aperiodic sets of Wang tiles and we describe the dynamical properties of the set $\Omega_n$ of valid configurations $\mathbb{Z}^2\to\mathcal{T}_n$. The tiles can be defined as the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Sébastien Labbé

We define a Wang tile set $\mathcal{U}$ of cardinality 19 and show that the set $\Omega_\mathcal{U}$ of all valid Wang tilings $\mathbb{Z}^2\to\mathcal{U}$ is self-similar, aperiodic and is a minimal subshift of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-07-11 Sébastien Labbé

Jeandel and Rao proved that 11 is the size of the smallest set of Wang tiles, i.e., unit squares with colored edges, that admit valid tilings (contiguous edges of adjacent tiles have the same color) of the plane, none of them being…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-05-27 Sébastien Labbé

Motivated by the study of Fibonacci-like Wang shifts, we define a numeration system for $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Z}^2$ based on the binary alphabet $\{0,1\}$. We introduce a set of 16 Wang tiles that admits a valid tiling of the plane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-01 Sébastien Labbé , Jana Lepšová

We present a new aperiodic tileset containing 11 Wang tiles on 4 colors, and we show that this tileset is minimal, in the sense that no Wang set with either fewer than 11 tiles or fewer than 4 colors is aperiodic. This gives a definitive…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Emmanuel Jeandel , Michael Rao

The goal of this chapter is to illustrate a generalization of the Fibonacci word to the case of 2-dimensional configurations on $\mathbb{Z}^2$. More precisely, we consider a particular subshift of $\mathcal{A}^{\mathbb{Z}^2}$ on the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Sébastien Labbé

In this article, we apply the techniques developed in our previous article ``Local generation of tilings'', in which we introduced two definitions capturing the intuitive idea that some subshifts admit a procedure that can generate any…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-11-15 Tom Favereau , Mathieu Hoyrup

We present a multi-edge-length aperiodic tiling which exhibits 6--fold rotational symmetry. The edge lengths of the tiling are proportional to 1:$\tau$, where $\tau$ is the golden mean $\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$. We show how the tiling can be…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-11-02 Sam Coates , Toranosuke Matsubara , Akihisa Koga

Fractals and quasiperiodic structures share self-similarity as a structural property. Motivated by the link between Fibonacci fractals and quasicrystals which are scaled by the golden mean ratio $\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$, we introduce and…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-05-08 Sam Coates

Deciding if a given set of Wang tiles admits a tiling of the plane is decidable if the number of Wang tiles (or the number of colors) is bounded, for a trivial reason, as there are only finitely many such tilesets. We prove however that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Emmanuel Jeandel , Nicolas Rolin

We show that $\{0,\varphi+3,-3\varphi+2,-\varphi+\frac{5}{2}\}$ is the set of slopes of nonexpansive directions for a minimal subshift in the Jeandel-Rao Wang shift, where $\varphi=(1+\sqrt{5})/2$ is the golden mean. This set is a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Sébastien Labbé , Casey Mann , Jennifer McLoud-Mann

We introduce a partial decidability protocol for the Wang tiling problem (which is the prototype of undecidable problems in combinatorics and statistical physics) by constructing a suitable mapping from tilings of finite squares of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Fabrizio Canfora , Marco Cedeno

The Einstein tile is a novel type of non-periodic tile that can cover the plane without repeating itself. It has a simple shape that resembles a fedora. This research paper unveils the aperiodicity of the newly discovered Einstein tile…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-03-18 Saksham Sharma

This investigation studies the decidability problem of plane edge coloring with three symbols. In the edge coloring (or Wang tiles) of a plane, unit squares with colored edges that have one of $p$ colors are arranged side by side such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-26 Hung-Hsun Chen , Wen-Guei Hu , De-Jan Lai , Song-Sun Lin

We give a constructive method that can decrease the number of prototiles needed to tile a space. We achieve this by exchanging edge to edge matching rules for a small atlas of permitted patches. This method is illustrated with Wang tiles,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-26 David Fletcher

The Kari-Culik tilings are formed from a set of 13 Wang tiles that tile the plane only aperiodically. They are the smallest known set of Wang tiles to do so and are not as well understood as other examples of aperiodic Wang tiles. We show…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-09-30 Jason Siefken

A set of tiles for covering a surface is composed of two types of tiles. The base shape of each one of them is a diamond or rhombus, both with angles 60 and 120 degrees. They are distinguished by labeling one as an acute diamond with a base…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-11 Theo P. Schaad

An integral self-affine tile is the solution of a set equation $\mathbf{A} \mathcal{T} = \bigcup_{d \in \mathcal{D}} (\mathcal{T} + d)$, where $\mathbf{A}$ is an $n \times n$ integer matrix and $\mathcal{D}$ is a finite subset of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-02 Wolfgang Steiner , Jörg Thuswaldner

For a connected graph $G$ with order $n$, let $e(G)$ be the number of its distinct eigenvalues and $d$ be the diameter. We denote by $m_G(\mu)$ the eigenvalue multiplicity of $\mu$ in $G$. It is well known that $e(G)\geq d+1$, which shows…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Yuanshuai Zhang , Dein Wong , Wenhao Zhen

We focus on the central problem of discriminating between metallic and insulating behaviour in amorphous alloys formed between a semiconductor and a metal. For this, the logarithmic temperature derivative of the conductivity, w = d ln sigma…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Mobius , C. J. Adkins
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