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In this study, we explore an emerging research area of Continual Learning for Temporal Sensitive Question Answering (CLTSQA). Previous research has primarily focused on Temporal Sensitive Question Answering (TSQA), often overlooking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Wanqi Yang , Yunqiu Xu , Yanda Li , Kunze Wang , Binbin Huang , Ling Chen

Continual and multi-task learning are common machine learning approaches to learning from multiple tasks. The existing works in the literature often assume multi-task learning as a sensible performance upper bound for various continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Zihao Wu , Huy Tran , Hamed Pirsiavash , Soheil Kolouri

Continual learning (CL) is a major challenge of machine learning (ML) and describes the ability to learn several tasks sequentially without catastrophic forgetting (CF). Recent works indicate that CL is a complex topic, even more so when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Benedikt Bagus , Alexander Gepperth

Incremental learning is the ability of systems to acquire knowledge over time, enabling their adaptation and generalization to novel tasks. It is a critical ability for intelligent, real-world systems, especially when data changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mladjan Jovanovic , Peter Voss

In this article, we propose a novel form of unsupervised learning, continual competitive memory (CCM), as well as a computational framework to unify related neural models that operate under the principles of competition. The resulting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Alexander G. Ororbia

As we discussed in Part I of this topic, there is a clear desire to model and comprehend human behavior. Given the popular presupposition of human reasoning as the standard for learning and decision-making, there have been significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Andrew Fuchs , Andrea Passarella , Marco Conti

Continual relation extraction is an important task that focuses on extracting new facts incrementally from unstructured text. Given the sequential arrival order of the relations, this task is prone to two serious challenges, namely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Tongtong Wu , Xuekai Li , Yuan-Fang Li , Reza Haffari , Guilin Qi , Yujin Zhu , Guoqiang Xu

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enhance the interpretability of AI systems, particularly by bridging visual input with human-understandable concepts, effectively acting as a form of multimodal interpretability model. However, existing CBMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Songning Lai , Mingqian Liao , Zhangyi Hu , Jiayu Yang , Wenshuo Chen , Hongru Xiao , Jianheng Tang , Haicheng Liao , Yutao Yue

One notable weakness of current machine learning algorithms is the poor ability of models to solve new problems without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. The Continual Learning paradigm has emerged as a protocol to systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Heinke Hihn , Daniel A. Braun

Continuously learning new classes without catastrophic forgetting is a challenging problem for on-device environmental sound classification given the restrictions on computation resources (e.g., model size, running memory). To address this…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Yang Xiao , Xubo Liu , James King , Arshdeep Singh , Eng Siong Chng , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Curriculum learning--ordering training examples in a sequence to aid machine learning--takes inspiration from human learning, but has not gained widespread acceptance. Static strategies for scoring item difficulty rely on indirect proxy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhenwei Tang , Amogh Inamdar , Ashton Anderson , Richard Zemel

Continual learning--the ability to acquire, retain, and refine knowledge over time--has always been fundamental to intelligence, both human and artificial. Historically, different AI paradigms have acknowledged this need, albeit with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jack Bell , Luigi Quarantiello , Eric Nuertey Coleman , Lanpei Li , Malio Li , Mauro Madeddu , Elia Piccoli , Vincenzo Lomonaco

Humans possess a remarkable ability to acquire knowledge efficiently and apply it across diverse modalities through a coherent and shared understanding of the world. Inspired by this cognitive capability, we introduce a concept-centric…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yuchong Geng , Ao Tang

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence have led to the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, adapting these pre-trained models to dynamic data distributions and various tasks efficiently remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yukang Huo , Hao Tang

Deep learning has shown its human-level performance in various applications. However, current deep learning models are characterised by catastrophic forgetting of old knowledge when learning new classes. This poses a challenge particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Yang Yang , Zhiying Cui , Junjie Xu , Changhong Zhong , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Continual learning (CL) is a fundamental topic in machine learning, where the goal is to train a model with continuously incoming data and tasks. Due to the memory limit, we cannot store all the historical data, and therefore confront the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Weichen Lin , Jiaxiang Chen , Ruomin Huang , Hu Ding

Continual learning in online scenario aims to learn a sequence of new tasks from data stream using each data only once for training, which is more realistic than in offline mode assuming data from new task are all available. However, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu

Current natural language processing models work well on a single task, yet they often fail to continuously learn new tasks without forgetting previous ones as they are re-trained throughout their lifetime, a challenge known as lifelong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Zirui Wang , Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Barnabás Póczos , Jaime Carbonell

In continual learning, our aim is to learn a new task without forgetting what was learned previously. In topic models, this translates to learning new topic models without forgetting previously learned topics. Previous work either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Charu Karakkaparambil James , Waleed Mustafa , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

Humans can learn a variety of concepts and skills incrementally over the course of their lives while exhibiting many desirable properties, such as continual learning without forgetting, forward transfer and backward transfer of knowledge,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Charles X. Ling , Tanner Bohn