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This article provides a survey of academic literature about field programmable gate array (FPGA) and their utilization for energy efficiency acceleration in data centers. The goal is to critically present the existing FPGA energy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Mattia Tibaldi , Christian Pilato

Productivity issues such as lengthy compilation and limited code reuse have restricted usage of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), despite significant technical advantages. Recent work into overlays -- virtual coarse-grained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-09 David Wilson , Greg Stitt

Point cloud processing is a computational bottleneck in autonomous driving systems, especially for real-time applications, while energy efficiency remains a critical system constraint. This work presents FPPS, an FPGA-accelerated point…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xiaofeng Zhou , Linfeng Du , Hanwei Fan , Wei Zhang

Low-latency, energy-efficient deep neural networks (DNNs) inference are critical for edge applications, where traditional cloud-based deployment suffers from high latency and security risks. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) offer a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Zeyu Guo

In edge computing deployments, where devices may be in close proximity to each other, these devices may offload similar computational tasks (i.e., tasks with similar input data for the same edge computing service or for services of the same…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Md Washik Al Azad , Spyridon Mastorakis

FPGAs are increasingly gaining traction in cloud and edge computing environments due to their hardware flexibility, low latency, and low energy consumption. However, the existing hardware stack of FPGA and the host-FPGA connectivity does…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Masudul Hassan Quraishi , Michael Riera , Fengbo Ren , Aman Arora , Aviral Shrivastava

FPGAs are now ubiquitous in cloud computing infrastructures and reconfigurable system-on-chip, particularly for AI acceleration. Major cloud service providers such as Amazon and Microsoft are increasingly incorporating FPGAs for specialized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Jayeeta Chaudhuri , Hassan Nassar , Dennis R. E. Gnad , Jorg Henkel , Mehdi B. Tahoori , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

Reconfigurable computing refers to the use of processors, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), that can be modified at the hardware level to take on different processing tasks. A reconfigurable computing platform describes the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Darran Nathan , Kelvin Lim Mun Kit , Kelly Choo Hon Min , Philip Wong Jit Chin , Andreas Weisensee

Computing needs for high energy physics are already intensive and are expected to increase drastically in the coming years. In this context, heterogeneous computing, specifically as-a-service computing, has the potential for significant…

High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms allow scientists to model computationally intensive algorithms. HPC clusters increasingly use General-Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) as accelerators; FPGAs provide an attractive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-04-20 Syed Waqar Nabi , Saji N. Hameed , Wim Vanderbauwhede

The exponential emergence of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has accelerated the research of hardware implementation of Deep Neural Network (DNN). Among all DNN processors, domain specific architectures, such as, Google's Tensor…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Rourab Paul , Sreetama Sarkar , Suman Sau , Koushik Chakraborty , Sanghamitra Roy , Amlan Chakrabarti

There is a growing need for low latency for many devices and users. The traditional cloud computing paradigm can not meet this requirement, legitimizing the need for a new paradigm. Edge computing proposes to move computing capacities to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Samuel Rac , Mats Brorsson

The use of FPGAs for efficient graph processing has attracted significant interest. Recent memory subsystem upgrades including the introduction of HBM in FPGAs promise to further alleviate memory bottlenecks. However, modern multi-channel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xinyu Chen , Yao Chen , Feng Cheng , Hongshi Tan , Bingsheng He , Weng-Fai Wong

The challenges involved in executing neural networks (NNs) at the edge include providing diversity, flexibility, and sustainability. That implies, for instance, supporting evolving applications and algorithms energy-efficiently. Using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Federico Manca , Francesco Ratto , Francesca Palumbo

Coarse grained overlay architectures improve FPGA design productivity by providing fast compilation and software-like programmability. Throughput oriented spatially configurable overlays typically suffer from area overheads due to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Xiangwei Li , Abhishek Jain , Douglas Maskell , Suhaib A. Fahmy

FPGA accelerators are gaining increasing attention in both cloud and edge computing because of their hardware flexibility, high computational throughput, and low power consumption. However, the design flow of FPGAs often requires specific…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Masudul Hassan Quraishi , Erfan Bank Tavakoli , Fengbo Ren

The relentless growth of large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) has created unprecedented demand for computational power, straining the energy, bandwidth, and scaling limits of conventional electronic platforms. Electronic-photonic…

Even though it seems that FPGAs have finally made the transition from research labs to the consumer devices' market, programming them remains challenging. Despite the improvements made by High-Level Synthesis (HLS), which removed the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Roberto Rigamonti , Baptiste Delporte , Anthony Convers , Alberto Dassatti

Over the years, the chip industry has consistently developed high-performance processors to address the increasing demands across diverse applications. However, the rapid expansion of chip production has significantly increased carbon…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jiajun Hu , Chetan Choppali Sudarshan , Vidya A. Chhabria , Aman Arora

In Multi-access Edge Computing networks, services can be deployed on nearby edge clouds (EC) as service function chains (SFCs) to meet strict quality of service (QoS) requirements. As users move, frequent SFC reconfigurations are required,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Federico Giarrè , Holger Karl