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Related papers: Algorithmic collusion under competitive design

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As algorithms increasingly mediate competitive decision-making, their influence extends beyond individual outcomes to shaping strategic market dynamics. In two preregistered experiments, we examined how algorithmic advice affects human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tobias R. Rebholz , Maxwell Uphoff , Christian H. R. Bernges , Florian Scholten

Nowadays, a significant share of the Business-to-Consumer sector is based on online platforms like Amazon and Alibaba and uses Artificial Intelligence for pricing strategies. This has sparked debate on whether pricing algorithms may tacitly…

General Economics · Economics 2024-06-05 Shidi Deng , Maximilian Schiffer , Martin Bichler

There is growing experimental evidence that $Q$-learning agents may learn to charge supracompetitive prices. We provide the first theoretical explanation for this behavior in infinite repeated games. Firms update their pricing policies…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-30 Cristian Chica , Yinglong Guo , Gilad Lerman

Collusion in market pricing is a concept associated with human actions to raise market prices through artificially limited supply. Recently, the idea of algorithmic collusion was put forward, where the human action in the pricing process is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-01-29 Suzie Grondin , Arthur Charpentier , Philipp Ratz

Algorithmic collusion is an emerging concept in current artificial intelligence age. Whether algorithmic collusion is a creditable threat remains as an argument. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which can extort its human rival to…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-02-23 Nan Zhou , Li Zhang , Shijian Li , Zhijian Wang

The rise of algorithmic pricing in online retail platforms has attracted significant interest in how autonomous software agents interact under competition. This article explores the potential emergence of algorithmic collusion -…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Martin Bichler , Julius Durmann , Matthias Oberlechner

Most modern systems strive to learn from interactions with users, and many engage in exploration: making potentially suboptimal choices for the sake of acquiring new information. We initiate a study of the interplay between exploration and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Yishay Mansour , Aleksandrs Slivkins , Zhiwei Steven Wu

We consider the problem of designing a set of computational agents so that as they all pursue their self-interests a global function G of the collective system is optimized. Three factors govern the quality of such design. The first relates…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-11-10 David Wolpert , Kagan Tumer , Esfandiar Bandari

This paper examines whether widely used online learning algorithms in pricing can independently reach competitive outcomes or instead foster tacit collusion. This issue has drawn considerable attention from competition regulators as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Martin Bichler , Julius Durmann , Matthias Oberlechner

This study employs gamified experiments to investigate and refine the Schelling Model of Segregation, a framework that demonstrates how individual preferences can lead to systemic segregation. Using a movement selection algorithm derived…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-15 Aleix Nicolás Olivé , Luce Prignano , Dimitri Marinelli , Emanuele Cozzo

We argue for the use of active learning methods for player modelling. In active learning, the learning algorithm chooses where to sample the search space so as to optimise learning progress. We hypothesise that player modelling based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Julian Togelius , Noor Shaker , Georgios N. Yannakakis

We consider active learning under incentive compatibility constraints. The main application of our results is to economic experiments, in which a learner seeks to infer the parameters of a subject's preferences: for example their attitudes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Federico Echenique , Siddharth Prasad

The exploration-exploitation dilemma has been an intriguing and unsolved problem within the framework of reinforcement learning. "Optimism in the face of uncertainty" and model building play central roles in advanced exploration methods.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-10-21 István Szita , András Lőrincz

Strategic classification studies the design of a classifier robust to the manipulation of input by strategic individuals. However, the existing literature does not consider the effect of competition among individuals as induced by the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Lydia T. Liu , Nikhil Garg , Christian Borgs

A recent body of work addresses safety constraints in explore-and-exploit systems. Such constraints arise where, for example, exploration is carried out by individuals whose welfare should be balanced with overall welfare. In this paper, we…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Gal Bahar , Omer Ben-Porat , Kevin Leyton-Brown , Moshe Tennenholtz

Causal structure learning is a key problem in many domains. Causal structures can be learnt by performing experiments on the system of interest. We address the largely unexplored problem of designing a batch of experiments that each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Scott Sussex , Andreas Krause , Caroline Uhler

The behaviour of multi-agent learning in competitive network games is often studied within the context of zero-sum games, in which convergence guarantees may be obtained. However, outside of this class the behaviour of learning is known to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Aamal Hussain , Francesco Belardinelli

We consider online learning problems under a partial observability model capturing situations where the information conveyed to the learner is between full information and bandit feedback. In the simplest variant, we assume that in addition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tomas Kocak , Gergely Neu , Michal Valko , Remi Munos

Punishment is a common tactic to sustain cooperation and has been extensively studied for a long time. While most of previous game-theoretic work adopt the imitation learning where players imitate the strategies who are better off, the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-20 Chenyang Zhao , Guozhong Zheng , Chun Zhang , Jiqiang Zhang , Li Chen

This paper examines how the observability of demand shocks influences pricing patterns and market outcomes when firms delegate pricing decisions to Q-learning algorithms. Simulations show that demand observability induces Q-learning agents…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-09 Zexin Ye