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Artificial intelligence (AI) models introduce privacy vulnerabilities to systems. These vulnerabilities may impact model owners or system users; they exist during model development, deployment, and inference phases, and threats can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Liv d'Aliberti , Evan Gronberg , Joseph Kovba

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) are becoming increasingly crucial for addressing customer needs, security, privacy (e.g., enhancing anonymity and confidentiality), and regulatory requirements. However, applying PETs in organizations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Gonzalo Munilla Garrido , Kaja Schmidt , Christopher Harth-Kitzerow , Johannes Klepsch , Andre Luckow , Florian Matthes

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to permeate various sectors, safeguarding personal and sensitive data has become increasingly crucial. To address these concerns, privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) have emerged as a suite of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Nouha Oualha

The absence of data protection measures in software applications leads to data breaches, threatening end-user privacy and causing instabilities in organisations that developed those software. Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) emerge as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Maisha Boteju , Thilina Ranbaduge , Dinusha Vatsalan , Nalin Arachchilage

Privacy and data protection constitute core values of individuals and of democratic societies. There have been decades of debate on how those values -and legal obligations- can be embedded into systems, preferably from the very beginning of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-04-13 George Danezis , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Marit Hansen , Jaap-Henk Hoepman , Daniel Le Metayer , Rodica Tirtea , Stefan Schiffner

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is a crucial pathway in mitigating the risk of non-transparency in the decision-making process of black-box Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. However, despite the benefits, XAI methods are found…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Sonal Allana , Rozita Dara , Xiaodong Lin , Pulei Xiong

As privacy issues have gained social salience, entrepreneurs have begun to offer privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) and the U.S. has begun to enact privacy legislation. But "privacy" is an ambiguous notion. In the liberal tradition, it…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2007-05-23 David J. Phillips

As people across the world become increasingly aware of how their privacy is compromised in this digital era, the field of Privacy Enhancing Technologies, or PETs, has boomed. The first workshop on Privacy Enhancing Technology was in 2000,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Sarah Cline , Jacob Aronoff

To create privacy-friendly software designs, architects need comprehensive knowledge of existing privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) and their properties. Existing works that systemize PETs, however, are outdated or focus on comparison…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Immanuel Kunz , Andreas Binder

Privacy is an instance of a social norm formed through legal, technical, and cultural dimensions. Institutions such as regulators, industry, and researchers act as societal agents that both influence and respond to evolving norms. Attempts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Masoumeh Shafieinejad , Xi He , Bailey Kacsmar

The interactive use of large language models (LLMs) in AI assistants (at work, home, etc.) introduces a new set of inference-time privacy risks: LLMs are fed different types of information from multiple sources in their inputs and are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Niloofar Mireshghallah , Hyunwoo Kim , Xuhui Zhou , Yulia Tsvetkov , Maarten Sap , Reza Shokri , Yejin Choi

The steady reports of privacy invasions online paints a picture of the Internet growing into a more dangerous place. This is supported by reports of the potential scale for online harms facilitated by the mass deployment of online…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Kovila P. L. Coopamootoo

In the absence of data protection measures, software applications lead to privacy breaches, posing threats to end-users and software organisations. Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) are technical measures that protect personal data,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Maisha Boteju , Thilina Ranbaduge , Dinusha Vatsalan , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

With smartphone technologies enhanced way of interacting with the world around us, it has also been paving the way for easier access to our private and personal information. This has been amplified by the existence of numerous embedded…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Tanusree Sharma , Masooda Bashir

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) represent a critical operational challenge for the online advertising industry, requiring substantial infrastructure investment while promising improved consumer privacy protection. Even when PETs may…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-22 Kinshuk Jerath , Klaus M. Miller , D. Daniel Sokol

We measure how effective Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) are at protecting users from website fingerprinting. Our measurements use both experimental and observational methods. Experimental methods allow control, precision, and use on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Amit Datta , Jianan Lu , Michael Carl Tschantz

The contextual integrity model is a widely accepted way of analyzing the plurality of norms that are colloquially called "privacy norms". Contextual integrity systematically describes such norms by distinguishing the type of data concerned,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Ran Wolff

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) have attracted significant attention in response to privacy regulations, driving the development of applications that prioritize user data protection. At the same time, the information and communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marc Damie , Mihai Pop , Merijn Posthuma

This article describes how technical infrastructure developed by the nonprofit OpenMined enables external scrutiny of AI systems without compromising sensitive information. Independent external scrutiny of AI systems provides crucial…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Kendrea Beers , Helen Toner

The voluntary donation of private health information for altruistic purposes, such as supporting research advancements, is a common practice. However, concerns about data misuse and leakage may deter people from donating their information.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Ruizhe Wang , Roberta De Viti , Aarushi Dubey , Elissa M. Redmiles
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