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A computed approximation of the solution operator to a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is needed in various areas of science and engineering. Neural operators have been shown to be quite effective at predicting these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Zan Ahmad , Shiyi Chen , Minglang Yin , Avisha Kumar , Nicolas Charon , Natalia Trayanova , Mauro Maggioni

Learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) from data has emerged as a promising route to fast surrogate models in multi-query scientific workflows. However, for geometric PDEs whose inputs and outputs transform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Pengcheng Cheng

Operator learning for Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is rapidly emerging as a promising approach for surrogate modeling of intricate systems. Transformers with the self-attention mechanism$\unicode{x2013}$a powerful tool originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Junfeng Chen , Kailiang Wu

Operator learning techniques have recently emerged as a powerful tool for learning maps between infinite-dimensional Banach spaces. Trained under appropriate constraints, they can also be effective in learning the solution operator of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Sifan Wang , Hanwen Wang , Paris Perdikaris

Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a foundational role in modeling physical phenomena. This study addresses the challenging task of determining variable coefficients within PDEs from measurement data. We introduce a novel neural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Ke Chen , Jasen Lai , Chunmei Wang

Deep learning has been shown to be an effective tool in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs embed the PDE residual into the loss function of the neural network, and have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jeremy Yu , Lu Lu , Xuhui Meng , George Em Karniadakis

This article explores operator learning models that can deduce solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs) on arbitrary domains without requiring retraining. We introduce two innovative models rooted in boundary integral equations…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Bin Meng , Yutong Lu , Ying Jiang

The challenge of applying learned knowledge from one domain to solve problems in another related but distinct domain, known as transfer learning, is fundamental in operator learning models that solve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Haoyang Jiang , Yongzhi Qu

We propose integrating optimal transport (OT) into operator learning for partial differential equations (PDEs) on complex geometries. Classical geometric learning methods typically represent domains as meshes, graphs, or point clouds. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xinyi Li , Zongyi Li , Nikola Kovachki , Anima Anandkumar

The convergence behavior of classical iterative solvers for parametric partial differential equations (PDEs) is often highly sensitive to the domain and specific discretization of PDEs. Previously, we introduced hybrid solvers by combining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Youngkyu Lee , Francesc Levrero Florencio , Jay Pathak , George Em Karniadakis

Standard neural networks can approximate general nonlinear operators, represented either explicitly by a combination of mathematical operators, e.g., in an advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equation, or simply as a black…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Somdatta Goswami , Aniruddha Bora , Yue Yu , George Em Karniadakis

The primary goal of this research is to propose a novel architecture for a deep neural network that can solve fractional differential equations accurately. A Gaussian integration rule and a $L_1$ discretization technique are used in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Ali Nosrati Firoozsalari , Hassan Dana Mazraeh , Alireza Afzal Aghaei , Kourosh Parand

We propose a method combining boundary integral equations and neural networks (BINet) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) in both bounded and unbounded domains. Unlike existing solutions that directly operate over original PDEs,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Guochang Lin , Pipi Hu , Fukai Chen , Xiang Chen , Junqing Chen , Jun Wang , Zuoqiang Shi

Modern digital engineering design process commonly involves expensive repeated simulations on varying three-dimensional (3D) geometries. The efficient prediction capability of neural networks (NNs) makes them a suitable surrogate to provide…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Junyan He , Seid Koric , Diab Abueidda , Ali Najafi , Iwona Jasiuk

Despite the widely recognized success of residual connections in modern neural networks, their design principles remain largely heuristic. This paper introduces KITINet (Kinetics Theory Inspired Network), a novel architecture that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mingquan Feng , Yifan Fu , Tongcheng Zhang , Yu Jiang , Yixin Huang , Junchi Yan

Modern power systems require fast and accurate dynamic simulations for stability assessment, digital twins, and real-time control, but classical ODE solvers are often too slow for large-scale or online applications. We propose a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Ioannis Karampinis , Petros Ellinas , Johanna Vorwerk , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs), one of the most influential works of the differential equation-based deep learning, are to continuously generalize residual networks and opened a new field. They are currently utilized for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Woojin Cho , Seunghyeon Cho , Hyundong Jin , Jinsung Jeon , Kookjin Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Dongeun Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Noseong Park

We present a novel framework combining Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets) with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) and estimate their unknown parameters. By integrating data-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Amogh Raj , Carol Eunice Gudumotou , Sakol Bun , Keerthana Srinivasa , Arash Sarshar

Operator learning aims to discover properties of an underlying dynamical system or partial differential equation (PDE) from data. Here, we present a step-by-step guide to operator learning. We explain the types of problems and PDEs amenable…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Nicolas Boullé , Alex Townsend

Accurately modeling and inferring solutions to time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) over extended horizons remains a core challenge in scientific machine learning. Traditional full rollout (FR) methods, which predict entire…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Luis Mandl , Dibyajyoti Nayak , Tim Ricken , Somdatta Goswami