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Let ${\mathcal G}$ be an infinite family of connected graphs and let $k$ be a positive integer. We say that $k$ is ${\it forcing}$ for ${\mathcal G}$ if for all $G \in {\mathcal G}$ but finitely many, the following holds. Any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-28 Yair Caro , Raphael Yuster

We prove that every 2k-edge-connected graph with countably many edge-ends admits a k-arc-connected orientation, extending the previous result by Assem, Koloschin and Pitz that also assumed the hypothesis of the graph being locally finite.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Leandro Aurichi , Paulo Magalhães Júnior , Guilherme Eduardo Pinto

We study variants of the well-known Collatz graph, by considering the action of the 3n+1 function on congruence classes. For moduli equal to powers of 2, these graphs are shown to be isomorphic to binary De Bruijn graphs. Unlike the Collatz…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-11 Thijs Laarhoven , Benne de Weger

A simple graph G=(V,E) is 3-rigid if its generic bar-joint frameworks in R3 are infinitesimally rigid. Block and hole graphs are derived from triangulated spheres by the removal of edges and the addition of minimally rigid subgraphs, known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-10 James Cruickshank , Derek Kitson , Stephen Power

We consider a distance-regular graph $\G$ with diameter $d \ge 3$ and eigenvalues $k=\theta_0>\theta_1>... >\theta_d$. We show the intersection numbers $a_1, b_1$ satisfy $$ (\theta_1 + {k \over a_1+1}) (\theta_d + {k \over a_1+1}) \ge -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aleksandar Jurisic , Jack Koolen , Paul Terwilliger

For a number $\ell\geq 2$, let $\mathcal{G}_{\ell}$ denote the family of graphs which have girth $2\ell+1$ and have no odd hole with length greater than $2\ell+1$. Plummer and Zha conjectured that every 3-connected and internally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-03 Rong Chen

In this paper, we extend and refine previous Tur\'an-type results on graphs with a given circumference. Let $W_{n,k,c}$ be the graph obtained from a clique $K_{c-k+1}$ by adding $n-(c-k+1)$ isolated vertices each joined to the same $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Jie Ma , Bo Ning

The algebraic connectivity of a graph $G$ in a finite dimensional real normed linear space $X$ is a geometric counterpart to the Fiedler number of the graph and can be regarded as a measure of the rigidity of the graph in $X$. We analyse…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 James Cruickshank , Sean Dewar , Derek Kitson

We present four models for a random graph and show that, in each case, the probability that a graph is intrinsically knotted goes to one as the number of vertices increases. We also argue that, for $k \geq 18$, most graphs of order $k$ are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Kazuhiro Ichihara , Thomas W. Mattman

In this paper, we prove that for each $d \geq 2$, the union of a $d$-regular graph with a uniformly random $2$-factor on the same vertex set is Hamiltonian with high probability. This resolves a conjecture by Dragani\'c and Keevash for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Cicely , Henderson , Sean Longbrake , Dingjia Mao , Patryk Morawski

Let $t>0$ be a real number and $G$ be a graph. We say $G$ is $t$-tough if for every cutset $S$ of $G$, the ratio of $|S|$ to the number of components of $G-S$ is at least $t$. The Toughness Conjecture of Chv\'atal, stating that there exists…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Lingjuan Shi , Songling Shan

We study a model of random graph where vertices are $n$ i.i.d. uniform random points on the unit sphere $S^d$ in $\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$, and a pair of vertices is connected if the Euclidean distance between them is at least $2- \epsilon$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-27 Matthew Kahle , Francisco Martinez-Figueroa

Motivated by the study of greedy algorithms for graph coloring, we introduce a new graph parameter, which we call weak degeneracy. By definition, every $d$-degenerate graph is also weakly $d$-degenerate. On the other hand, if $G$ is weakly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Anton Bernshteyn , Eugene Lee

A locally irregular graph is a graph whose adjacent vertices have distinct degrees. It was conjectured that every connected graph is edge decomposable to $3$ locally irregular subgraphs, unless it belongs to a certain family of exceptions,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Jakub Przybyło

We study a modified notion of Ollivier's coarse Ricci curvature on graphs introduced by Lin, Lu, and Yau in [11]. We establish a rigidity theorem for complete graphs that shows a connected finite simple graph is complete if and only if the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Vincent Bonini , Conor Carroll , Uyen Dinh , Sydney Dye , Joshua Frederick , Erin Pearse

A recent result of Cioab\u{a}, Dewar and Gu implies that any $k$-regular Ramanujan graph with $k\geq 8$ is globally rigid in $\mathbb{R}^2$. In this paper, we extend these results and prove that any $k$-regular Ramanujan graph of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-18 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Sean Dewar , Georg Grasegger , Xiaofeng Gu

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph and $\lambda $ a non-negative integer. A graph $G$ is called a $(\lambda, 1)$-{\em graph} if $ (c0)$ $G$ is neither a complete graph no an edge-empty graph, $ (c1)$ every edge in $G$ belongs to exactly $\lambda$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-15 Rafael Aparicio , Alexander Kelmans

Let C be a finite connected graph for which there is a countable universal C-free graph, and whose tree of blocks is a path. Then the blocks of C are complete. This generalizes a result of Furedi and Komjath, and fits naturally into a set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-24 Gregory Cherlin , Saharon Shelah

We generalize theorems of Kesten and Deuschel-Pisztora about the connectedness of the exterior boundary of a connected subset of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, where "connectedness" and "boundary" are understood with respect to various graphs on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Adam Timar

We analyse an extremal question on the degrees of the link graphs of a finite regular graph, that is, the subgraphs induced by non-trivial spheres. We show that if $G$ is $d$-regular and connected but not complete then some link graph of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-13 Itai Benjamini , John Haslegrave