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Text-to-image generation models are powerful but difficult to use. Users craft specific prompts to get better images, though the images can be repetitive. This paper proposes a Prompt Expansion framework that helps users generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Siddhartha Datta , Alexander Ku , Deepak Ramachandran , Peter Anderson

Generating accurate and coherent image captions in a continual learning setting remains a major challenge due to catastrophic forgetting and the difficulty of aligning evolving visual concepts with language over time. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Bertram Taetz , Gal Bordelius

Although foundational vision-language models (VLMs) have proven to be very successful for various semantic discrimination tasks, they still struggle to perform faithfully for fine-grained categorization. Moreover, foundational models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Sanket Biswas , Emanuele Vivoli , Josep Lladós

The phenomena of in-context learning has typically been thought of as "learning from examples". In this work which focuses on Machine Translation, we present a perspective of in-context learning as the desired generation task maintaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Suzanna Sia , Kevin Duh

Large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have transformed computer vision by aligning images and text in a shared feature space, enabling robust zero-shot transfer via prompting. Soft-prompting, such as Context Optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Arsham Gholamzadeh Khoee , Yinan Yu , Robert Feldt

Recent advances in image understanding have enabled methods that leverage large language models for multimodal reasoning in remote sensing. However, existing approaches still struggle to steer models to the user-relevant regions when only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Xu Zhang , Jiabin Fang , Zhuoming Ding , Jin Yuan , Xuan Liu , Qianjun Zhang , Zhiyong Li

Empowering models to dynamically accomplish tasks specified through natural language instructions represents a promising path toward more capable and general artificial intelligence. In this work, we introduce InstructSeq, an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Rongyao Fang , Shilin Yan , Zhaoyang Huang , Jingqiu Zhou , Hao Tian , Jifeng Dai , Hongsheng Li

Large language models are able to learn new tasks in context, where they are provided with instructions and a few annotated examples. However, the effectiveness of in-context learning is dependent on the provided context, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Afra Amini , Massimiliano Ciaramita

Recent advances in vision-language pre-training have enabled machines to perform better in multimodal object discrimination (e.g., image-text semantic alignment) and image synthesis (e.g., text-to-image generation). On the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Xiao Dong , Runhui Huang , Xiaoyong Wei , Zequn Jie , Jianxing Yu , Jian Yin , Xiaodan Liang

Recent years have witnessed impressive results of pre-trained vision-language models on knowledge-intensive tasks such as visual question answering (VQA). Despite the recent advances in VQA, existing methods mainly adopt a discriminative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Timothy Ossowski , Junjie Hu

When trained at sufficient scale, auto-regressive language models exhibit the notable ability to learn a new language task after being prompted with just a few examples. Here, we present a simple, yet effective, approach for transferring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Maria Tsimpoukelli , Jacob Menick , Serkan Cabi , S. M. Ali Eslami , Oriol Vinyals , Felix Hill

Semantic scene understanding is an essential task for self-driving vehicles and mobile robots. In our work, we aim to estimate a semantic segmentation map, in which the foreground objects are removed and semantically inpainted with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Chenyang Lu , Gijs Dubbelman

Personalizing text-to-image models using a limited set of images for a specific object has been explored in subject-specific image generation. However, existing methods often face challenges in aligning with text prompts due to overfitting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Daewon Chae , Nokyung Park , Jinkyu Kim , Kimin Lee

Semantic image inpainting is a challenging task where large missing regions have to be filled based on the available visual data. Existing methods which extract information from only a single image generally produce unsatisfactory results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Raymond A. Yeh , Chen Chen , Teck Yian Lim , Alexander G. Schwing , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Minh N. Do

Professional photo editing remains challenging, requiring extensive knowledge of imaging pipelines and significant expertise. While recent deep learning approaches, particularly style transfer methods, have attempted to automate this…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Omar Elezabi , Marcos V. Conde , Zongwei Wu , Radu Timofte

Prompt tuning is an effective way to adapt the pre-trained visual-language model (VLM) to the downstream task using task-related textual tokens. Representative CoOp-based work combines the learnable textual tokens with the class tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Hantao Yao , Rui Zhang , Changsheng Xu

In-context learning is the ability of a pretrained model to adapt to novel and diverse downstream tasks by conditioning on prompt examples, without optimizing any parameters. While large language models have demonstrated this ability, how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Qian Huang , Hongyu Ren , Peng Chen , Gregor Kržmanc , Daniel Zeng , Percy Liang , Jure Leskovec

While recent advancements in multimodal language models have enabled image generation from expressive multi-image instructions, existing methods struggle to maintain performance under complex interleaved instructions. This limitation stems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yabo Zhang , Kunchang Li , Dewei Zhou , Xinyu Huang , Xun Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) equip pre-trained large-language models (LLMs) with visual capabilities. While textual prompting in LLMs has been widely studied, visual prompting has emerged for more fine-grained and free-form…

We introduce a new multi-modal task for computer systems, posed as a combined vision-language comprehension challenge: identifying the most suitable text describing a scene, given several similar options. Accomplishing the task entails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Nan Ding , Sebastian Goodman , Fei Sha , Radu Soricut