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Computing educators and researchers have used programming process data to understand how programs are constructed and what sorts of problems students struggle with. Although such data shows promise for using it for feedback, fully automated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-04 John Edwards , Arto Hellas , Juho Leinonen

Data selection for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to choose a high-quality subset from existing datasets, allowing the trained model to outperform baselines trained on the full dataset. However, the expanding body of research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ziche Liu , Rui Ke , Yajiao Liu , Feng Jiang , Haizhou Li

Large language models (LLMs) show best-in-class performance across a wide range of natural language processing applications. Training these models is an extremely computationally expensive task; frontier Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Alexander Interrante-Grant , Carla Varela-Rosa , Suhaas Narayan , Chris Connelly , Albert Reuther

Through pretraining on a corpus with various sources, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained impressive performance. However, the impact of each component of the pretraining corpus remains opaque. As a result, the organization of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Yang Zhao , Li Du , Xiao Ding , Kai Xiong , Zhouhao Sun , Jun Shi , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

As large language models (LLMs) are widely applied across various fields, model compression has become increasingly crucial for reducing costs and improving inference efficiency. Post-training pruning is a promising method that does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yixin Ji , Yang Xiang , Juntao Li , Qingrong Xia , Ping Li , Xinyu Duan , Zhefeng Wang , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

Although large language models (LLMs) have advanced the state-of-the-art in NLP significantly, deploying them for downstream applications is still challenging due to cost, responsiveness, control, or concerns around privacy and security. As…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Dong-Ho Lee , Jay Pujara , Mohit Sewak , Ryen W. White , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

What happens if we train a new Large Language Model (LLM) using data that are at least partially generated by other LLMs? The explosive success of LLMs means that a substantial amount of content online will be generated by LLMs rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Jinghui Zhang , Dandan Qiao , Mochen Yang , Qiang Wei

Instruction tuning is crucial for enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve real-world tasks. Prior work has shown the effectiveness of instruction-tuning data synthesized solely from LLMs, raising a fundamental question: Do we still…

Machine learning can provide deep insights into data, allowing machines to make high-quality predictions and having been widely used in real-world applications, such as text mining, visual classification, and recommender systems. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Meng Wang , Weijie Fu , Xiangnan He , Shijie Hao , Xindong Wu

Large language models are trained on massive scrapes of the web, as required by current scaling laws. Most progress is made for English, given its abundance of high-quality pretraining data. For most other languages, however, such high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve , Richard He Bai , Natalie Schluter , David Grangier

Data preparation is a critical step in enhancing the usability of tabular data and thus boosts downstream data-driven tasks. Traditional methods often face challenges in capturing the intricate relationships within tables and adapting to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mengshi Chen , Yuxiang Sun , Tengchao Li , Jianwei Wang , Kai Wang , Xuemin Lin , Ying Zhang , Wenjie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently exploded in popularity, often matching or outperforming human abilities on many tasks. One of the key factors in training LLMs is the availability and curation of high-quality data. Data quality is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Vlad Negoita , Mihai Masala , Traian Rebedea

Large Language Models (LLMs), typified by OpenAI's GPT, have marked a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. Trained on vast amounts of text data, LLMs are capable of understanding and generating human-like text across a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven novel applications across diverse domains, with LLM-based agents emerging as a crucial area of exploration. This survey presents a comprehensive analysis of LLM-based agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ke Chen , Peiran Wang , Yaoning Yu , Xianyang Zhan , Haohan Wang

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has accentuated the need for diverse, high-quality pre-training data. Synthetic data emerges as a viable solution to the challenges of data scarcity and inaccessibility. While previous literature has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Hao Chen , Abdul Waheed , Xiang Li , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Bhiksha Raj , Marah I. Abdin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities and become the foundation of language technologies. Inspired by the great success of code data in training LLMs, we naturally wonder at which training stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Yingwei Ma , Yue Liu , Yue Yu , Yuanliang Zhang , Yu Jiang , Changjian Wang , Shanshan Li

As large language models (LLMs) become more advanced and impactful, it is increasingly important to scrutinize the data that they rely upon and produce. What is it to be a dataset practitioner doing this work? We approach this in two parts:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Crystal Qian , Emily Reif , Minsuk Kahng

Training large language models (LLMs) for external tool usage is a rapidly expanding field, with recent research focusing on generating synthetic data to address the shortage of available data. However, the absence of systematic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Shadi Iskander , Nachshon Cohen , Zohar Karnin , Ori Shapira , Sofia Tolmach

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song