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Functional verification is a critical bottleneck in integrated circuit development, with CPU verification being especially time-intensive and labour-consuming. Industrial practice relies on differential testing for CPU verification, yet…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Jialin Sun , Yuchen Hu , Dean You , Yushu Du , Hui Wang , Xinwei Fang , Weiwei Shan , Nan Guan , Zhe Jiang

This paper presents the Userspace Integrity Measurement Toolkit (USIM Toolkit), a set of integrity measurement collection tools capable of detecting advanced malware threats, such as memory-only implants, that evade many traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-01 J. Aaron Pendergrass , Nathan Hull , John Clemens , Sarah Helble , Mark Thober , Kathleen McGill , Machon Gregory , Peter Loscocco

The massive trend toward embedded systems introduces new security threats to prevent. Malicious firmware makes it easier to launch cyberattacks against embedded systems. Systems infected with malicious firmware maintain the appearance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Md Sadik Awal , Christopher Thompson , Md Tauhidur Rahman

With the increased attention to memristive-based in-memory analog computing (IMAC) architectures as an alternative for energy-hungry computer systems for machine learning applications, a tool that enables exploring their device- and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Md Hasibul Amin , Mohammed E. Elbtity , Ramtin Zand

The widespread integration of embedded systems across various industries has facilitated seamless connectivity among devices and bolstered computational capabilities. Despite their extensive applications, embedded systems encounter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Sreenitha Kasarapu , Sathwika Bavikadi , Sai Manoj Pudukotai Dinakarrao

Intermittently powered devices enable new applications in harsh or inaccessible environments, such as space or in-body implants, but also introduce problems in programmability and correctness. Researchers have developed programming models…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Milijana Surbatovich , Limin Jia , Brandon Lucia

The development process of microcontroller firmware often involves multiple parties. In such a scenario, the Intellectual Property (IP) is not protected against adversarial developers which have unrestricted access to the firmware binary.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Marc Schink , Johannes Obermaier

Flexible intelligent metasurface (FIM) is a recently developed, groundbreaking hardware technology with promising potential for 6G wireless systems. Unlike conventional rigid antenna array (RAA)-based transmitters, FIM-assisted transmitters…

Verifying integrity of software execution in low-end micro-controller units (MCUs) is a well-known open problem. The central challenge is how to securely detect software exploits with minimal overhead, since these MCUs are designed for low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Ivan De Oliveira Nunes , Sashidhar Jakkamsetti , Gene Tsudik

Emulator is widely used to build dynamic analysis frameworks due to its fine-grained tracing capability, full system monitoring functionality, and scalability of running on different operating systemsand architectures. However, whether the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Muhui Jiang , Tianyi Xu , Yajin Zhou , Yufeng Hu , Ming Zhong , Lei Wu , Xiapu Luo , Kui Ren

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into safety-critical systems introduces a new reliability paradigm: silent failures, where AI produces confident but incorrect outputs that can be dangerous. This paper introduces the Formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guan-Yan Yang , Farn Wang

The exponential growth of Internet of Things (IoT) applications has intensified the demand for efficient, high-throughput, and energy-efficient data processing at the edge. Conventional CPU-centric encryption methods suffer from performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Rasha Karakchi , Rye Stahle-Smith , Nishant Chinnasami , Tiffany Yu

As the complexities of processors keep increasing, the task of effectively verifying their integrity and security becomes ever more daunting. The intricate web of instructions, microarchitectural features, and interdependencies woven into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Vasudev Gohil , Rahul Kande , Chen Chen , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Jeyavijayan Rajendran

Isolating sensitive state and data can increase the security and robustness of many applications. Examples include protecting cryptographic keys against exploits like OpenSSL's Heartbleed bug or protecting a language runtime from native…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Anjo Vahldiek-Oberwagner , Eslam Elnikety , Nuno O. Duarte , Michael Sammler , Peter Druschel , Deepak Garg

Since performance improvements of computers are stagnating, new technologies and computer paradigms are hot research topics. Memristor-based In-Memory Computing is one of the promising candidates for the post-CMOS era, which comes in many…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Fabian Seiler , Nima TaheriNejad

Arm Cortex-M processors are the most widely used 32-bit microcontrollers among embedded and Internet-of-Things devices. Despite the widespread usage, there has been little effort in summarizing their hardware security features,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Xi Tan , Zheyuan Ma , Sandro Pinto , Le Guan , Ning Zhang , Jun Xu , Zhiqiang Lin , Hongxin Hu , Ziming Zhao

SystemC-based virtual prototypes have emerged as widely adopted tools to test software ahead of hardware availability, reducing the time-to-market and improving software reliability. Recently, fuzzing has become a popular method for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Chiara Ghinami , Jonas Winzer , Nils Bosbach , Lennart M. Reimann , Lukas Jünger , Simon Wörner , Rainer Leupers

Affective Image Manipulation (AIM) aims to evoke specific emotions through targeted editing. Current image editing benchmarks primarily focus on object-level modifications in general scenarios, lacking the fine-grained granularity to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shi Chen , Xuecheng Wu , Heli Sun , Yunyun Shi , Xinyi Yin , Fengjian Xue , Jinheng Xie , Dingkang Yang , Hao Wang , Junxiao Xue , Liang He

This work undertakes to combine the interests of IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA) and standard Finite Element Methods (FEM) for the global/local simulation of structures. The idea is to adopt a hybrid global-IGA/local-FEM modeling, thereby…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-14 Evgeniia Lapina , Paul Oumaziz , Robin Bouclier , Jean-Charles Passieux

Memristive in-memory computing (IMC) has emerged as a promising solution for addressing the bottleneck in the Von Neumann architecture. However, the couplingbetweenthecircuitandalgorithm in IMC makes computing reliability susceptible to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Houji Zhou , Ling Yang , Zhiwei Zhou , Yi Li , Xiangshui Miao