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On March 7th, 2023 the \textit{Fermi} Gamma-ray Burst Monitor observed the second highest fluence gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever, GRB~230307A. With a duration beyond 100~s, GRB~230307A contains a multitude of rapidly-varying peaks, and was so…

GRB 230307A is an extremely bright long duration GRB with an observed gamma-ray fluence of $\gtrsim$3$\times$10$^{-3}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ (10-1000 keV), second only to GRB 221009A. Despite its long duration, it is possibly associated with a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-06 S. Dichiara , D. Tsang , E. Troja , D. Neill , J. P. Norris , Y. H. Yang

GRB 230307A is one of the brightest gamma-ray bursts detected so far. With the excellent observation of GRB 230307A by Fermi-GBM, we can reveal the details of prompt emission evolution. As found in high-time-resolution spectral analysis,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-19 Yun Wang , Zi-Qing Xia , Tian-Ci Zheng , Jia Ren , Yi-Zhong Fan

An energetic $\rm \gamma$-ray burst (GRB), GRB 211211A, was observed on 2021 December 11 by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. Despite its long duration, typically associated with bursts produced by the collapse of massive stars, the…

Short duration gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) are thought to be related to the violent merger of compact objects, such as neutron stars or black holes, which makes them promising sources of gravitational waves. The detection of a 'kilonova'-like…

GRB 211211A is a peculiar long Gamma-ray burst (GRB) with very high brightness and short burst properties. It's full lightcurve consists of three emission episodes, i.e. a precursor, a main burst and a extended emission. We find a recently…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-30 Zhao-Yang Peng , Jia-Ming Chen , Jirong Mao

It is usually thought that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are associated with massive star core collapse, whereas short-duration GRBs are associated with mergers of compact stellar binaries. The discovery of a kilonova associated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-31 Hai-Ming Zhang , Yi-Yun Huang , Jian-He Zheng , Ruo-Yu Liu , Xiang-Yu Wang

GRB 191019A was a long Gamma-ray burst (GRB) lasting about 65 s and, as such, originally thought to be linked to a core-collapse supernova. However, even though follow-up observations identified the optical counterpart close to the bright…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-24 G. Stratta , A. M. Nicuesa Guelbenzu , S. Klose , A. Rossi , P. Singh , E. Palazzi , C. Guidorzi , A. Camisasca , S. Bernuzzi , A. Rau , M. Bulla , F. Ragosta , E. Maiorano , D. Paris

Here, we report the discovery of a kilonova associated with the nearby (350 Mpc) minute-duration GRB 211211A. In tandem with deep optical limits that rule out the presence of an accompanying supernova to $M_I > -13$ mag at 17.7 days…

Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) associated with supernovae (SNe) are believed to originate from massive star core-collapse events, whereas short-duration GRBs that are related to compact star mergers are expected to be accompanied by…

230307A is the second brightest gamma ray burst detected in more than 50 years of observations and is located in the direction of the Magellanic Bridge. Despite its long duration, it is most likely the result of the compact merger of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-12 Sandro Mereghetti , Michela Rigoselli , Ruben Salvaterra , Andrea Tiengo , Dominik Pacholski

The recent discovery of a faint gamma-ray burst (GRB) coincident with the gravitational wave (GW) event GW 170817 revealed the existence of a population of low-luminosity short duration gamma-ray transients produced by neutron star mergers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-21 E. Troja , G. Ryan , L. Piro , H. van Eerten , S. B. Cenko , Y. Yoon , S. -K. Lee , M. Im , T. Sakamoto , P. Gatkine , A. Kutyrev , S. Veilleux

GRB 250221A is a short gamma-ray burst (GRB) at redshift $z=0.768$, with a duration of 1.8 s and no extended emission in either Swift/Burst Alert Telescope or Konus-Wind bands. A remarkable rebrightening feature in both optical and X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Xiao Tian , Hou-Jun Lü , Xiao-Xuan Liu , Xiao-Fei Dong , Jia Ren , Wen-Long Zhang , En-Wei Liang

We present multiwavelength observations of the afterglow of GRB 130427A, the brightest (in total fluence) gamma-ray burst of the past 29 years. Optical spectroscopy from Gemini-North reveals the redshift of the GRB to be z=0.340, indicating…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful explosions in the Universe; their energy release reache s us from the end of the re-ionization era, making them invaluable cosmological probes. GRB 230307A i s the second-brightest GRB ever…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-22 Daniela Huppenkothen , Matthew G. Baring , Mete Uzuner , Ersin Gögüs , Yuki Kaneko , Chryssa Kouveliotou , Oliver J. Roberts , Lin Lin

GRB$\,$220831A is a gamma-ray burst (GRB) with a duration and spectral peak energy that places it at the interface between the distribution of long-soft and short-hard GRBs. In this paper, we present the multi-wavelength follow-up campaign…

Recently, a lack of supernova-associated long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB 230307A) at such a low redshift $z=0.065$, but associated with a possible kilonova emission, has attracted great attention. Its heavy element nucleosynthesis and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-19 ZhaoWei Du , HouJun Lü , Yong Yuan , Xing Yang , EnWei Liang

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) offer a powerful window to probe the progenitor systems responsible for the formation of heavy elements through the rapid neutron capture (r-) process, thanks to their exceptional luminosity, which allows them to be…

GRB~221009A has been the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date, and its afterglow has been characterised with unprecedented detail at TeV energies by LHAASO. Quite puzzlingly, it is also the most energetic GRB known. Among the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 O. S. Salafia , A. Celotti , E. Sobacchi , L. Nava , G. Oganesyan , G. Ghirlanda , S. Boula , M. E. Ravasio , G. Ghisellini

We report the detection of the radio afterglow of a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 111005A at 5-345 GHz, including the very long baseline interferometry observations with the positional error of 0.2 mas. The afterglow position is coincident…

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