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Nowadays, machine and deep learning techniques are widely used in different areas, ranging from economics to biology. In general, these techniques can be used in two ways: trying to adapt well-known models and architectures to the available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Danilo Avola , Marco Cascio , Luigi Cinque , Alessio Fagioli , Gian Luca Foresti , Marco Raoul Marini , Daniele Pannone

Electroencephalography (EEG) offers non-invasive, real-time mental workload assessment, which is crucial in high-stakes domains like aviation and medicine and for advancing brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. This study introduces…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Gourav Siddhad , Partha Pratim Roy , Byung-Gyu Kim

EEG technology finds applications in several domains. Currently, most EEG systems require subjects to wear several electrodes on the scalp to be effective. However, several channels might include noisy information, redundant signals, induce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Michela C. Massi , Francesca Ieva

We apply convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) to the task of distinguishing pathological from normal EEG recordings in the Temple University Hospital EEG Abnormal Corpus. We use two basic, shallow and deep ConvNet architectures recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-15 Robin Tibor Schirrmeister , Lukas Gemein , Katharina Eggensperger , Frank Hutter , Tonio Ball

All data modalities are not created equal, even when the signal they measure comes from the same source. In the case of the brain, two of the most important data modalities are the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), and the intracranial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Francesco Stefano Carzaniga , Gary Tom Hoppeler , Michael Hersche , Kaspar Anton Schindler , Abbas Rahimi

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a generally used neuroimaging approach in brain-computer interfaces due to its non-invasive characteristics and convenience, making it an effective tool for understanding human intentions. Therefore, recent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Sung-Jin Kim , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Hyeon-Taek Han

Neurological disorders pose major global health challenges, driving advances in brain signal analysis. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) are widely used for diagnosis and monitoring. However, dataset…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-24 Jiahe Li , Xin Chen , Fanqi Shen , Junru Chen , Yuxin Liu , Daoze Zhang , Zhizhang Yuan , Fang Zhao , Meng Li , Yang Yang

Electroencephalography (EEG) is essential for the diagnosis of epilepsy, but it requires expertise and experience to identify abnormalities. It is thus crucial to develop automated models for the detection of abnormalities in EEGs related…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Taku Shoji , Noboru Yoshida , Toshihisa Tanaka

The classification of harmful brain activities, such as seizures and periodic discharges, play a vital role in neurocritical care, enabling timely diagnosis and intervention. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a non-invasive method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shivraj Singh Bhatti , Aryan Yadav , Mitali Monga , Neeraj Kumar

In this study, we demonstrate the application of a hybrid Vision Transformer (ViT) model, pretrained on ImageNet, on an electroencephalogram (EEG) regression task. Despite being originally trained for image classification tasks, when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Ruiqi Yang , Eric Modesitt

Foundation models for EEG analysis are still in their infancy, limited by two key challenges: (1) variability across datasets caused by differences in recording devices and configurations, and (2) the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of EEG,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Navid Mohammadi Foumani , Soheila Ghane , Nam Nguyen , Mahsa Salehi , Geoffrey I. Webb , Geoffrey Mackellar

The brain age is a key indicator of brain health. While electroencephalography (EEG) is a practical tool for this task, existing models struggle with the common challenge of imperfect medical data, such as learning a ``normal'' baseline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kunyu Zhang , Mingxuan Wang , Xiangjie Shi , Haoxing Xu , Chao Zhang

State-of-the-art performance in electroencephalography (EEG) decoding tasks is currently often achieved with either Deep-Learning (DL) or Riemannian-Geometry-based decoders (RBDs). Recently, there is growing interest in Deep Riemannian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Daniel Wilson , Robin Tibor Schirrmeister , Lukas Alexander Wilhelm Gemein , Tonio Ball

Developing foundation models for electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging due to the signal's low signal-to-noise ratio and complex spectro-temporal non-stationarity. Existing approaches often overlook the hierarchical latent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-20 Mingzhe Cui , Tao Chen , Yang Jiao , Yiqin Wang , Lei Xie , Yi Pan , Luca Mainardi

This work investigates the predictive potential of bipolar electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings towards efficient prediction of poor neurological outcomes. A retrospective design using a hybrid deep learning approach is utilized to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Hemin Ali Qadir , Naimahmed Nesaragi , Per Steiner Halvorsen , Ilangko Balasingham

Electroencephalogram (EEG) classification has been widely used in various medical and engineering applications, where it is important for understanding brain function, diagnosing diseases, and assessing mental health conditions. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-20 Mingzhi Chen , Yiyu Gui , Yuqi Su , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo , Yuchao Yang

EEG signals convey important information about brain activity both in healthy and pathological conditions. However, they are inherently noisy, which poses significant challenges for accurate analysis and interpretation. Traditional EEG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 David Aquilué-Llorens , Aureli Soria-Frisch

Deep learning networks are increasingly attracting attention in various fields, including electroencephalography (EEG) signal processing. These models provided comparable performance with that of traditional techniques. At present, however,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-29 Haoming Zhang , Mingqi Zhao , Chen Wei , Dante Mantini , Zherui Li , Quanying Liu

Scalable and generalizable analysis of brain activity is essential for advancing both clinical diagnostics and cognitive research. Electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive modality with high temporal resolution, has been widely used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sha Zhao , Mingyi Peng , Haiteng Jiang , Tao Li , Shijian Li , Gang Pan

In the context of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based driver drowsiness recognition, it is still challenging to design a calibration-free system, since EEG signals vary significantly among different subjects and recording sessions. Many…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-21 Jian Cui , Zirui Lan , Olga Sourina , Wolfgang Müller-Wittig