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Probabilistic representation spaces convey information about a dataset and are shaped by factors such as the training data, network architecture, and loss function. Comparing the information content of such spaces is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Kieran A. Murphy , Sam Dillavou , Dani S. Bassett

The nature of neural codes is central to neuroscience. Do neurons encode information through relatively slow changes in the emission rates of individual spikes (rate code), or by the precise timing of every spike (temporal codes)? Here we…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-03-08 Agnieszka Pregowska , Ehud Kaplan , Janusz Szczepanski

Due to its wide reaching implications for everything from identifying hotspots of income inequality to political redistricting, there is a rich body of literature across the sciences quantifying spatial patterns in socioeconomic data. In…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-18 Alec Kirkley

We formulate an info-clustering paradigm based on a multivariate information measure, called multivariate mutual information, that naturally extends Shannon's mutual information between two random variables to the multivariate case…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Chung Chan , Ali Al-Bashabsheh , Qiaoqiao Zhou , Tarik Kaced , Tie Liu

Quantifying the dependence between high-dimensional random variables is central to statistical learning and inference. Two classical methods are canonical correlation analysis (CCA), which identifies maximally correlated projected versions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Dor Tsur , Ziv Goldfeld , Kristjan Greenewald

Sequence models assign probabilities to variable-length sequences such as natural language texts. The ability of sequence models to capture temporal dependence can be characterized by the temporal scaling of correlation and mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Huitao Shen

The information decomposition problem requires an additive decomposition of the mutual information between the input and target variables into nonnegative terms. The recently introduced solution to this problem, Information Attribution,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Tomáš Kroupa , Sara Vannucci , Tomáš Votroubek

How can the information that a set ${X_{1},...,X_{n}}$ of random variables contains about another random variable $S$ be decomposed? To what extent do different subgroups provide the same, i.e. shared or redundant, information, carry unique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-18 Nils Bertschinger , Johannes Rauh , Eckehard Olbrich , Jürgen Jost

In information theory, one major goal is to find useful functions that summarize the amount of information contained in the interaction of several random variables. Specifically, one can ask how the classical Shannon entropy, mutual…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Leon Lang , Pierre Baudot , Rick Quax , Patrick Forré

The mutual information (MI) between two random variables is an important correlation measure in data analysis. The Shannon entropy of a joint probability distribution is the variable part under fixed marginals. We aim to minimize and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Paula Franke , Kay Hamacher , Paul Manns

Information and uncertainty are closely related and extensively studied concepts in a number of scientific disciplines such as communication theory, probability theory, and statistics. Increasing the information arguably reduces the…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-08-09 Jiahua Chen

Understanding how neural population responses represent sensory information is a central problem in systems neuroscience. One approach is to define a representational geometry on stimulus space in which distances reflect how reliably…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-08 Simone Azeglio , Steeve Laquitaine , Ulisse Ferrari , Matthew Chalk

Information decompositions quantify how the Shannon information about a given random variable is distributed among several other random variables. Various requirements have been proposed that such a decomposition should satisfy, leading to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Johannes Rauh , Pradeep Kr. Banerjee , Eckehard Olbrich , Guido Montúfar , Jürgen Jost

Applying perturbation theory to the path-integral representation for the mutual information of the nonlinear communication channel described by the nonlinear Shr\"{o}dinger equation (NLSE) with the additive Gaussian noise we analyze the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-19 I. S. Terekhov , A. V. Reznichenko , S. K. Turitsyn

We consider the problem of decomposing the total mutual information conveyed by a pair of predictor random variables about a target random variable into redundant, unique and synergistic contributions. We focus on the relationship between…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Pradeep Kr. Banerjee , Virgil Griffith

Distributed systems, such as biological and artificial neural networks, process information via complex interactions engaging multiple subsystems, resulting in high-order patterns with distinct properties across scales. Investigating how…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Aaron J. Gutknecht , Fernando E. Rosas , David A. Ehrlich , Abdullah Makkeh , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Michael Wibral

Of the various attempts to generalize information theory to multiple variables, the most widely utilized, interaction information, suffers from the problem that it is sometimes negative. Here we reconsider from first principles the general…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-16 Paul L. Williams , Randall D. Beer

We study the capacity with which a system of independent neuron-like units represents a given set of stimuli. We assume that each neuron provides a fixed amount of information, and that the information provided by different neurons has a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Ines Samengo

Large-scale behavior of a wide class of spatial and spatiotemporal processes is characterized in terms of informational measures. Specifically, subordinated random fields defined by non-linear transformations on the family of homogeneous…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-26 J. M. Angulo , M. D. Ruiz-Medina

Real-world systems are shaped by both their complex internal interactions and the changes in their noisy environments. In this work, we study how a shared active bath affects the statistical dependencies between two interacting Brownian…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-10 Giorgio Nicoletti , Daniel M. Busiello