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We introduce xLLM, an intelligent and efficient Large Language Model (LLM) inference framework designed for high-performance, large-scale enterprise-grade serving, with deep optimizations for diverse AI accelerators. To address these…

Multi-tier computing can enhance the task computation by multi-tier computing nodes. In this paper, we propose a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) aided computing system by deploying multi-tier computing nodes to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Kunlun Wang , Dusit Niyato , Wen Chen , Arumugam Nallanathan

The use of multi-chip modules (MCM) and/or multi-socket boards is the most suitable approach to increase the computation density of servers while keep chip yield attained. This paper introduces a new coherence protocol suitable, in terms of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Lucia G. Menezo , Valentin Puente , Jose A. Gregorio

Memory accounts for 33 - 50% of the total cost of ownership (TCO) in modern data centers. We propose a novel solution to tame memory TCO through the novel creation and judicious management of multiple software-defined compressed memory…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Sandeep Kumar , Aravinda Prasad , Sreenivas Subramoney

Large language models deployed as autonomous agents face critical memory limitations, lacking selective forgetting mechanisms that lead to either catastrophic forgetting at context boundaries or information overload within them. While human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Lei Wei , Xiao Peng , Xu Dong , Niantao Xie , Bin Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) falter in multi-step interactions -- often hallucinating, repeating actions, or misinterpreting user corrections -- due to reliance on linear, unstructured context. This fragility stems from the lack of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ye Ye

Non-volatile memory (NVM) provides a scalable and power-efficient solution to replace DRAM as main memory. However, because of relatively high latency and low bandwidth of NVM, NVM is often paired with DRAM to build a heterogeneous memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Kai Wu , Yingchao Huang , Dong Li

Processing large-scale graph datasets is computationally intensive and time-consuming. Processor-centric CPU and GPU architectures, commonly used for graph applications, often face bottlenecks caused by extensive data movement between the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Marzieh Barkhordar , Alireza Tabatabaeian , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Christina Giannoula , Juan Gomez Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Onur Mutlu , Alaa R. Alameldeen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as autonomous agents for multi-step tasks. However, most existing frameworks fail to maintain a structured understanding of the task state, often relying on linear prompt concatenation or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ye Ye

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) demonstrate remarkable collective intelligence, wherein multi-agent memory serves as a pivotal mechanism for continual adaptation. However, existing multi-agent memory designs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Muxin Fu , Xiangyuan Xue , Yafu Li , Zefeng He , Siyuan Huang , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Yang Yang

Memory data are ubiquitous in Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents (e.g., OpenClaw and Manus). A few recent works have attempted to exploit agents'memory for improving their performance on the question-answering (QA) task, but they lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jiawei Yu , Yixiang Fang , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma

Recent studies on automatic neural architectures search have demonstrated significant performance, competitive to or even better than hand-crafted neural architectures. However, most of the existing network architecture tend to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Peiye Liu , Bo Wu , Huadong Ma , Mingoo Seok

By exploiting the superiority of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), NOMA-aided mobile edge computing (MEC) can provide scalable and low-latency computing services for the Internet of Things. However, given the prevalent stochasticity of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Meihui Hua , Hui Tian , Xinchen Lyu , Wanli Ni , Gaofeng Nie

Modern deployment of large language models (LLMs) frequently involves both inference serving and continuous retraining to stay aligned with evolving data and user feedback. Common practices separate these workloads onto distinct servers in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yufei Li , Zexin Li , Yinglun Zhu , Cong Liu

Modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications are increasingly utilizing multi-tenant deep neural networks (DNNs), which lead to a significant rise in computing complexity and the need for computing parallelism. ReRAM-based…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Bojing Li , Duo Zhong , Xiang Chen , Chenchen Liu

Large language model agents increasingly depend on memory to sustain long horizon interaction, but existing frameworks remain limited. Most expose only a few basic primitives such as encode, retrieve, and delete, while higher order…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yi Wang , Lihai Yang , Boyu Chen , Gongyi Zou , Kerun Xu , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Siheng Chen , Zhiyu Li

Memory approximation techniques are commonly limited in scope, targeting individual levels of the memory hierarchy. Existing approximation techniques for a full memory hierarchy determine optimal configurations at design-time provided a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Biswadip Maity , Bryan Donyanavard , Anmol Surhonne , Amir Rahmani , Andreas Herkersdorf , Nikil Dutt

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly deployed to automate complex workflows in mobile and desktop environments. However, current model-centric agent architectures struggle to self-evolve post-deployment: improving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zibin Liu , Cheng Zhang , Xi Zhao , Yunfei Feng , Bingyu Bai , Dahu Feng , Erhu Feng , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Large language models (LLMs) operate within fixed context windows that fundamentally limit conversational continuity. When context fills, compaction discards history irreversibly; when sessions end, all memory resets to zero. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Rajendra Narayan Jena , Rajan Padmanabhan , Sankar Arumugam

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) imposes substantial memory bandwidth demands, presenting significant challenges for efficient hardware acceleration. Near-memory Processing (NMP) has emerged as a promising architectural solution to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Shangyi Shi , Husheng Han , Jianan Mu , Xinyao Zheng , Ling Liang , Hang Lu , Zidong Du , Xiaowei Li , Xing Hu , Qi Guo