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In a vacuum first-order phase transition, gravitational waves are generated from collision of bubbles of the true vacuum. The spectrum from such collisions takes the form of a broken power law. We consider a toy model for such a phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Cutting , Elba Granados Escartin , Mark Hindmarsh , David J. Weir

We calculate gravitational wave power spectra from first order early Universe phase transitions using the Sound Shell Model. The model predicts that the power spectrum depends on the mean bubble separation, the phase transition strength,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Mark Hindmarsh , Mulham Hijazi

We discuss a new source of gravitational waves (GWs) from first-order phase transitions. The collisions of bubbles of the new phase can efficiently produce particles that couple to the background field undergoing the transition, thereby…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Keisuke Inomata , Marc Kamionkowski , Kentaro Kasai , Bibhushan Shakya

First order phase transitions in the early Universe generate gravitational waves, which may be observable in future space-based gravitational wave observatiories, e.g. the European eLISA satellite constellation. The gravitational waves…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-11-17 Mark Hindmarsh , Stephan Huber , Kari Rummukainen , David Weir

Cosmic strings and first-order phase transition are two main sources for the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). In this work, we study the stochastic gravitational wave radiation from cosmic string which is formed after the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-25 Ruiyu Zhou , Ligong Bian

We summarise the physics of first-order phase transitions in the early universe, and the possible ways in which they might come about. We then focus on gravitational waves, emphasising general qualitative features of stochastic backgrounds…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-17 Djuna Croon , David J. Weir

We investigate the gravitational wave spectrum from first-order QCD phase transitions using the parity doublet model at finite baryon chemical potential. The model incorporates the chiral invariant mass $m_0$, representing the portion of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-02 Bikai Gao , Jingdong Shao , Hong Mao

We consider gravitational wave production by bubble collisions during a cosmological first-order phase transition. In the literature, such spectra have been estimated by simulating the bubble dynamics, under so-called thin-wall and envelope…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Ryusuke Jinno , Masahiro Takimoto

Gravitational waves are generated during first-order phase transitions, either by turbolence or by bubble collisions. If the transition takes place at temperatures of the order of the electroweak scale, the frequency of these gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Riccardo Apreda , Michele Maggiore , Alberto Nicolis , Antonio Riotto

We study gravitational waves generated by the cosmological magnetic fields induced via bubble collisions during the electroweak (EW) and QCD phase transitions. The magnetic field generation mechanisms considered here are based on the use of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-28 Tina Kahniashvili , Leonard Kisslinger , Trevor Stevens

We consider true vacuum bubbles generated in a first order phase transition occurring during the slow rolling era of a two field inflation: it is known that gravitational waves are produced by the collision of such bubbles. We find that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Carlo Baccigalupi , Luca Amendola , Pierluigi Fortini , Franco Occhionero

We present a Fisher-matrix forecast for the detectability of a stochastic gravitational wave background generated by a first-order phase transition in the early universe. We use the DECIGO and LISA missions as reference cases. The source…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-07 Diego Rios , William H. Kinney

During a strongly first-order phase transition gravitational waves are produced by bubble collisions and turbulent plasma motion. We analyze the relevant characteristics of the electroweak phase transition in the nMSSM to determine the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Stephan J. Huber , Thomas Konstandin

The recent claim by the NANOGrav collaboration of a possible detection of an isotropic gravitational wave background stimulated a series of investigations searching for the origin of such a signal. The QCD phase transition appears as a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-25 Pauline Lerambert-Potin , Jose Antonio de Freitas Pacheco

First-order phase transitions are a source of stochastic gravitational radiation. Precision calculations of the gravitational waves emitted during these processes, sourced by both the degrees of freedom undergoing the transition and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-30 John T. Giblin , James B. Mertens

We investigate the properties of a stochastic gravitational wave background produced by a first-order electroweak phase transition in the regime of extreme supercooling. We study a scenario whereby the percolation temperature that signifies…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-09 Archil Kobakhidze , Cyril Lagger , Adrian Manning , Jason Yue

In this work we investigate the stochastic gravitational wave background generated during the f\/irst-order cosmological QCD phase transition of the early universe in the framework of the Barrow entropy. We f\/irst derived the Barrow…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-14 Qi-Min Feng , Zhong-Wen Feng , Xia Zhou , Qing-Quan Jiang

In the present thesis, the author reviews the physics of cosmological first-order phase transitions that may have occured shortly after the Big Bang. Such transitions proceed via the nucleation and expansion of true vacuum bubbles and give…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-16 Moritz Breitbach

We study the generation of gravitational waves (GWs) during a cosmological first-order phase transition (PT) using the recently introduced Higgsless approach to numerically simulate the fluid motion induced by the PT. We present for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-04 Chiara Caprini , Ryusuke Jinno , Thomas Konstandin , Alberto Roper Pol , Henrique Rubira , Isak Stomberg

This project is aimed at studying the first-order phase transitions, that is presumed to have ensued in the early universe, and its consequences on the primordial gravitational waves. The effects of bubble nucleation, growth, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-12 Yashmitha Kumaran