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Recent advances in foundation models (FMs), including large language models (LLMs), vision-language models (VLMs), and world models, have opened new opportunities for autonomous driving systems (ADSs) in perception, reasoning,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Xiongfei Wu , Mingfei Cheng , Xiaoning Ren , Qiang Hu , Jianlang Chen , Yuheng Huang , Maxime Cordy , Yao Zhang , Xiaofei Xie , Lei Ma , Yves Le Traon

Ensuring safe, comfortable, and efficient navigation is a critical goal for autonomous driving systems. While end-to-end models trained on large-scale datasets excel in common driving scenarios, they often struggle with rare, long-tail…

A chief goal of artificial intelligence is to build machines that think like people. Yet it has been argued that deep neural network architectures fail to accomplish this. Researchers have asserted these models' limitations in the domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Luca M. Schulze Buschoff , Elif Akata , Matthias Bethge , Eric Schulz

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong vision-language reasoning abilities but still lack robust 3D spatial understanding, which is critical for autonomous driving. This limitation stems from two key challenges: (1) the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ruixun Liu , Lingyu Kong , Derun Li , Hang Zhao

Recent advancements in autonomous driving have relied on data-driven approaches, which are widely adopted but face challenges including dataset bias, overfitting, and uninterpretability. Drawing inspiration from the knowledge-driven nature…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Licheng Wen , Daocheng Fu , Xin Li , Xinyu Cai , Tao Ma , Pinlong Cai , Min Dou , Botian Shi , Liang He , Yu Qiao

Existing Vision-Language models (VLMs) estimate either long-term trajectory waypoints or a set of control actions as a reactive solution for closed-loop planning based on their rich scene comprehension. However, these estimations are coarse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Pranjal Paul , Anant Garg , Tushar Choudhary , Arun Kumar Singh , K. Madhava Krishna

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted growing interest for their strong reasoning and semantic understanding abilities, which are essential for handling complex decision-making and long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Thomas Monninger , Shaoyuan Xie , Qi Alfred Chen , Sihao Ding

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires agents to autonomously navigate complex environments via visual images and natural language instructions--remains highly challenging. Recent research on enhancing language-guided navigation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Changxin Huang , Lv Tang , Zhaohuan Zhan , Lisha Yu , Runhao Zeng , Zun Liu , Zhengjie Wang , Jianqiang Li

The application of computer vision is gradually increasing across various domains. They employ deep learning models with a black-box nature. Without the ability to explain the behavior of neural networks, especially their decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Maryam Sadat Hosseini Azad , Shahriar Baradaran Shokouhi , Amir Abbas Hamidi Imani , Shahin Atakishiyev , Randy Goebel

Motion planning in complex scenarios is the core challenge in autonomous driving. Conventional methods apply predefined rules or learn from driving data to plan the future trajectory. Recent methods seek the knowledge preserved in large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Ruijun Zhang , Xianda Guo , Wenzhao Zheng , Chenming Zhang , Kurt Keutzer , Long Chen

This paper proposes an interactive navigation framework by using large language and vision-language models, allowing robots to navigate in environments with traversable obstacles. We utilize the large language model (GPT-3.5) and the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Zhen Zhang , Anran Lin , Chun Wai Wong , Xiangyu Chu , Qi Dou , K. W. Samuel Au

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) aims to enable agents to navigate to a target location based on language instructions. Traditional VLN often follows a close-set assumption, i.e., training and test data share the same style of the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yang Li , Aming Wu , Zihao Zhang , Yahong Han

Aerial vision-and-language navigation (Aerial VLN) aims to enable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to interpret natural language instructions and autonomously navigate complex three-dimensional environments by grounding language in visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xingyu Xia , Lekai Zhou , Yujie Tang , Xiaozhou Zhu , Hai Zhu , Wen Yao

Talk2BEV is a large vision-language model (LVLM) interface for bird's-eye view (BEV) maps in autonomous driving contexts. While existing perception systems for autonomous driving scenarios have largely focused on a pre-defined (closed) set…

When navigating in a man-made environment they haven't visited before--like an office building--humans employ behaviors such as reading signs and asking others for directions. These behaviors help humans reach their destinations efficiently…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bhargav Chandaka , Gloria X. Wang , Haozhe Chen , Henry Che , Albert J. Zhai , Shenlong Wang

Vision language models (VLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, from logical reasoning to visual understanding. This opens the door to richer interaction with the world, for example robotic control. However, VLMs…

We present DeepSeek-VL, an open-source Vision-Language (VL) Model designed for real-world vision and language understanding applications. Our approach is structured around three key dimensions: We strive to ensure our data is diverse,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Haoyu Lu , Wen Liu , Bo Zhang , Bingxuan Wang , Kai Dong , Bo Liu , Jingxiang Sun , Tongzheng Ren , Zhuoshu Li , Hao Yang , Yaofeng Sun , Chengqi Deng , Hanwei Xu , Zhenda Xie , Chong Ruan

Full-duplex multimodal large language models (LLMs) provide a unified framework for addressing diverse speech understanding and generation tasks, enabling more natural and seamless human-machine conversations. Unlike traditional modularised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Wenyi Yu , Siyin Wang , Xiaoyu Yang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

With the development of artificial intelligence and breakthroughs in deep learning, large-scale Foundation Models (FMs), such as GPT, Sora, etc., have achieved remarkable results in many fields including natural language processing and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Jianhua Wu , Bingzhao Gao , Jincheng Gao , Jianhao Yu , Hongqing Chu , Qiankun Yu , Xun Gong , Yi Chang , H. Eric Tseng , Hong Chen , Jie Chen

With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been growing interest and demand for applying LLMs to autonomous driving technology. Driven by their natural language understanding and…