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We conducted a systematic literature review on automated grading and feedback tools for programming education. We analysed 121 research papers from 2017 to 2021 inclusive and categorised them based on skills assessed, approach, language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Marcus Messer , Neil C. C. Brown , Michael Kölling , Miaojing Shi

Evaluation of students' performance for the completion of courses has been a major problem for both students and faculties during the work-from-home period in this COVID pandemic situation. To this end, this paper presents an in-depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Vipul Bansal , Himanshu Buckchash , Balasubramanian Raman

Compared with traditional face-to-face teaching, online learning is more convenient. However, during online classes, it is more difficult for teachers to observe all student reactions at the same time. Our system is designed to help…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Yanyi Peng , Masato Kikuchi , Tadachika Ozono

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, online lectures have spread rapidly and many students are satisfied with them. However, one challenge remains the loss of concentration due to the lack of students' copresence. Our previous work suggests that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Saizo Aoyagi , Ryoma Okazaki , Seishiro Hara , Fumiya Ikeda , Michiya Yamamoto

Online learning is becoming increasingly popular, whether for convenience, to accommodate work hours, or simply to have the freedom to study from anywhere. Especially, during the Covid-19 pandemic, it has become the only viable option for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Himali Aryal

This perspective paper proposes a series of interactive scenarios that utilize Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance classroom teaching, such as dialogue auto-completion, knowledge and style transfer, and assessment of AI-generated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Kehui Tan , Tianqi Pang , Chenyou Fan , Song Yu

Behavioral cues play a significant part in human communication and cognitive perception. In most professional domains, employee recruitment policies are framed such that both professional skills and personality traits are adequately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Anumeha Agrawal , Rosa Anil George , Selvan Sunitha Ravi , Sowmya Kamath S , Anand Kumar M

Automated feedback systems have become increasingly integral to programming education, where learners engage in iterative cycles of code construction, testing, and refinement. Despite its wider integration in practices and technical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yeonji Jung , Yunseo Lee , Jiyeong Bae , DoYong Kim , Heungsoo Choi , Minji Kang , Unggi Lee

The use of new technologies in higher education has surprisingly emphasized students' tendency to adopt a passive behavior in class. Participation and interaction of students are essential to improve academic results. This paper describes…

Observation of classroom interactions can provide concrete feedback to teachers, but current methods rely on manual annotation, which is resource-intensive and hard to scale. This work explores AI-driven analysis of classroom recordings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ivo Bueno , Ruikun Hou , Babette Bühler , Tim Fütterer , James Drimalla , Jonathan Kyle Foster , Peter Youngs , Peter Gerjets , Ulrich Trautwein , Enkelejda Kasneci

This paper presents a two-year research project focused on developing AI-driven measures to analyze classroom dynamics, with particular emphasis on teacher actions captured through multimodal sensor data. We applied real-time data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Andreea I. Niculescu , Jochen Ehnes , Chen Yi , Du Jiawei , Tay Chiat Pin , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Vigneshwaran Subbaraju , Teh Kah Kuan , Tran Huy Dat , John Komar , Gi Soong Chee , Kenneth Kwok

This paper introduces an intelligent lecturing assistant (ILA) system that utilizes a knowledge graph to represent course content and optimal pedagogical strategies. The system is designed to support instructors in enhancing student…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yuan An , Samarth Kolanupaka , Jacob An , Matthew Ma , Unnat Chhatwal , Alex Kalinowski , Michelle Rogers , Brian Smith

This study proposes a multimodal neural network-based approach to predict segment access frequency in lecture archives. These archives, widely used as supplementary resources in modern education, often consist of long, unedited recordings…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ruozhu Sheng , Jinghong Li , Shinobu Hasegawa

This study explores the classroom implementation of an AI-powered grading platform in K-12 settings through a co-design pilot with 19 teachers. We combine platform usage logs, surveys, and qualitative interviews to examine how teachers use…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Zewei Tian , Alex Liu , Lief Esbenshade , Shawon Sarkar , Zachary Zhang , Kevin He , Min Sun

Classroom observation -- one of the most effective methods for teacher development -- remains limited due to high costs and a shortage of expert coaches. We present ClassMind, an AI-driven classroom observation system that integrates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ao Qu , Yuxi Wen , Jiayi Zhang , Yunge Wen , Yibo Zhao , Alok Prakash , Andrés F. Salazar-Gómez , Paul Pu Liang , Jinhua Zhao

Automated UI evaluation can be beneficial for the design process; for example, to compare different UI designs, or conduct automated heuristic evaluation. LLM-based UI evaluation, in particular, holds the promise of generalizability to a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Peitong Duan , Chin-yi Chen , Gang Li , Bjoern Hartmann , Yang Li

Written reflective practice is a regular exercise pre-service teachers perform during their higher education. Usually, their lecturers are expected to provide individual feedback, which can be a challenging task to perform on a regular…

With the recent rapid increase in digitization across all major industries, acquiring programming skills has increased the demand for introductory programming courses. This has further resulted in universities integrating programming…

This paper proposes a system that uses large language models to provide immediate feedback to students in flipped classroom preparation learning. This study aimed to solve challenges in the flipped classroom model, such as ensuring that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Shintaro Uchiyama , Kyoji Umemura , Yusuke Morita

This study proposes a quantitative framework to enhance curriculum coherence through the systematic alignment of Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) and Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs), contributing to continuous improvement in outcome-based…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-11-18 Moncef Derouich