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Secure two-party computation considers the problem of two parties computing a joint function of their private inputs without revealing anything beyond the output. In this work, we consider the setting where the two parties (a classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-31 Michele Ciampi , Alexandru Cojocaru , Elham Kashefi , Atul Mantri

Fraudulent activities are rapidly evolving, employing increasingly diverse and sophisticated methods that pose serious threats to individuals, organizations, and society. This paper proposes the FIST Framework (Fraud Incident Structured…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yu-Chen Dai , Lu-An Chen , Sy-Jye Her , Yu-Xian Jiang

One of the applications of quantum technology is to use quantum states and measurements to communicate which offers more reliable security promises. Quantum data hiding, which gives the source party the ability of sharing data among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-06 Xingyao Wu , Jianxin Chen

Rising device use and third-party IP integration in semiconductors raise security concerns. Unauthorized access, fault injection, and privacy invasion are potential threats from untrusted actors. Different security techniques have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Geraldine Shirley Nicholas , Dhruvakumar Vikas Aklekar , Bhavin Thakar , Fareena Saqib

Cryptographically secure neural network inference typically relies on secure computing techniques such as Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC), enabling cloud servers to process client inputs without decrypting them. Although prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yukuan Zhang , Mengxin Zheng , Qian Lou

In recent years, secure multiparty computation (SMC) advanced from a theoretical technique to a practically applicable technology. Several frameworks were proposed of which some are still actively developed. We perform a first comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-10 Marcel von Maltitz , Georg Carle

We present CRYPTFLOW, a system that converts TensorFlow inference code into Secure Multi-party Computation (MPC) protocols at the push of a button. To do this, we build two components. Our first component is an end-to-end compiler from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Javier Alvarez-Valle , Pratik Bhatu , Nishanth Chandran , Divya Gupta , Aditya Nori , Aseem Rastogi , Mayank Rathee , Rahul Sharma , Shubham Ugare

We provide a new provably-secure steganographic encryption protocol that is proven secure in the complexity-theoretic framework of Hopper et al. The fundamental building block of our steganographic encryption protocol is a "one-time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-09-22 Aggelos Kiayias , Yona Raekow , Alexander Russell , Narasimha Shashidhar

In this paper, we investigate the impact of cooperation between a secondary transmitter-receiver pair and a primary transmitter (PT) on the maximum stable throughput of the primary-secondary network. Each transmitter, primary or secondary,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-11 Ahmed El Shafie , Tamer Khattab , Amr El-Keyi , Mohamed Nafie

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, fewer users are able to host and run models locally. This has led to increased use of third-party hosting services. However, in this setting, there is a lack of guarantees on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Arka Pal , Louai Zahran , William Gvozdjak , Akilesh Potti , Micah Goldblum

We describe scalable protocols for solving the secure multi-party computation (MPC) problem among a large number of parties. We consider both the synchronous and the asynchronous communication models. In the synchronous setting, our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-29 Varsha Dani , Valerie King , Mahnush Movahedi , Jared Saia , Mahdi Zamani

Digital signatures are widely used in electronic communications to secure important tasks such as financial transactions, software updates, and legal contracts. The signature schemes that are in use today are based on public-key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Petros Wallden , Erika Andersson

The rapid adoption of Transformer-based AI has been driven by accessible models such as ChatGPT, which provide API-based services for developers and businesses. However, as these online inference services increasingly handle sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yifei Cai , Zhuoran Li , Yizhou Feng , Qiao Zhang , Hongyi Wu , Danella Zhao , Chunsheng Xin

Anonymous communication networks have emerged as crucial tools for obfuscating communication pathways and concealing user identities. However, their practical deployments face significant challenges, including susceptibility to artificial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Chao Ge , Wei Yuan , Ge Chen , Yanbin Pan , Yuan Shen

Publicly available large pretrained models (i.e., backbones) and lightweight adapters for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) have become standard components in modern machine learning pipelines. However, preserving the privacy of both…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Saisai Xia , Wenhao Wang , Zihao Wang , Yuhui Zhang , Yier Jin , Dan Meng , Rui Hou

We often interact with untrusted parties. Prioritization of privacy can limit the effectiveness of these interactions, as achieving certain goals necessitates sharing private data. Traditionally, addressing this challenge has involved…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Ilia Shumailov , Daniel Ramage , Sarah Meiklejohn , Peter Kairouz , Florian Hartmann , Borja Balle , Eugene Bagdasarian

Motivated by recent developments in the shuffle model of differential privacy, we propose a new approximate shuffling functionality called Alternating Shuffle, and provide a protocol implementing alternating shuffling in a single-server…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Borja Balle , James Bell , Adrià Gascón

The commitment-based AKE model provides a formal security framework for key exchange protocols that avoid long-term cryptographic material, achieving authentication through a final out-of-band verification of session-derived values. Within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Rodrigo Martín Sánchez-Ledesma

Differential privacy (DP) has steadily become the de-facto standard for achieving privacy in data analysis, which is typically implemented either in the "central" or "local" model. The local model has been more popular for commercial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Amrita Roy Chowdhury , Chenghong Wang , Xi He , Ashwin Machanavajjhala , Somesh Jha

The past several years have witnessed the success of transformer-based models, and their scale and application scenarios continue to grow aggressively. The current landscape of transformer models is increasingly diverse: the model size…