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Small animals and robots must often rapidly traverse large bump-like obstacles when moving through complex 3-D terrains, during which, in addition to leg-ground contact, their body inevitably comes into physical contact with the obstacles.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Sean W. Gart , Chen Li

Soft robots are distinguished by their flexibility and adaptability, allowing them to perform nearly impossible tasks for rigid robots. However, controlling their behavior is challenging due to their nonlinear material response and infinite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Juan C. Osorio , Jhonatan S. Rincon , Harith Morgan , Andres F. Arrieta

Keeping the stability can be counted as the essential ability of a humanoid robot to step out of the laboratory to work in our real environment. Since humanoid robots have similar kinematic to a human, humans expect these robots to be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Mohammadreza Kasaei , Nuno Lau , Artur Pereira

Soft robots manufactured with flexible materials can be highly compliant and adaptive to their surroundings, which facilitates their application in areas such as dexterous manipulation and environmental exploration. This paper aims at…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Renjie Ma , Ziyao Qu , Zhijian Hu , Dong Zhao , Marios M. Polycarpou

Humanoid robots that can autonomously operate in diverse environments have the potential to help address labour shortages in factories, assist elderly at homes, and colonize new planets. While classical controllers for humanoid robots have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Ilija Radosavovic , Tete Xiao , Bike Zhang , Trevor Darrell , Jitendra Malik , Koushil Sreenath

Energy efficiency is a critical factor in the performance and autonomy of quadrupedal robots. While previous research has focused on mechanical design and actuation improvements, the impact of gait parameters on energetics has been less…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yasser G. Alqaham , Jing Cheng , Zhenyu Gan

Ground robots require the crucial capability of traversing unstructured and unprepared terrains and avoiding obstacles to complete tasks in real-world robotics applications such as disaster response. When a robot operates in off-road field…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Sriram Siva , Maggie Wigness , John G. Rogers , Long Quang , Hao Zhang

Planetary bodies characterized by low gravitational acceleration, such as the Moon and near-Earth asteroids, impose unique locomotion constraints due to diminished contact forces and extended airborne intervals. Among traversal strategies,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shriram Hari , M Venkata Sai Nikhil , R Prasanth Kumar

Simplified models are useful to increase the computational efficiency of a motion planning algorithm, but their lack of accuracy have to be managed. We propose two feasibility constraints to be included in a Single Rigid Body Dynamicsbased…

We investigate the use of prior knowledge of human and animal movement to learn reusable locomotion skills for real legged robots. Our approach builds upon previous work on imitating human or dog Motion Capture (MoCap) data to learn a…

We present an open-source untethered quadrupedal soft robot platform for dynamic locomotion (e.g., high-speed running and backflipping). The robot is mostly soft (80 vol.%) while driven by four geared servo motors. The robot's soft body and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Boxi Xia , Jiaming Fu , Hongbo Zhu , Zhicheng Song , Yibo Jiang , Hod Lipson

With the field of rigid-body robotics having matured in the last fifty years, routing, planning, and manipulation of deformable objects have recently emerged as a more untouched research area in many fields ranging from surgical robotics to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Azarakhsh Keipour , Maryam Bandari , Stefan Schaal

Recent advances of locomotion controllers utilizing deep reinforcement learning (RL) have yielded impressive results in terms of achieving rapid and robust locomotion across challenging terrain, such as rugged rocks, non-rigid ground, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zifan Xu , Amir Hossain Raj , Xuesu Xiao , Peter Stone

Legged robot locomotion requires the planning of stable reference trajectories, especially while traversing uneven terrain. The proposed trajectory optimization framework is capable of generating dynamically stable base and footstep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Oguzhan Cebe , Carlo Tiseo , Guiyang Xin , Hsiu-chin Lin , Joshua Smith , Michael Mistry

Wheel-legged robots integrate leg agility on rough terrain with wheel efficiency on flat ground. However, most existing designs do not fully capitalize on the benefits of both legged and wheeled structures, which limits overall system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zhicheng Song , Jinglan Xu , Chunxin Zheng , Yulin Li , Zhihai Bi , Jun Ma

Legged locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs of soft-limbed robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and…

Robotic mobility in microgravity is necessary to expand human utilization and exploration of outer space. Bio-inspired multi-legged robots are a possible solution for safe and precise locomotion. However, a dynamic motion of a robot in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Warley F. R. Ribeiro , Kentaro Uno , Masazumi Imai , Koki Murase , Kazuya Yoshida

Terrain adaptation is an essential capability for a ground robot to effectively traverse unstructured off-road terrain in real-world field environments such as forests. However, the expected robot behaviors generated by terrain adaptation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Sriram Siva , Maggie Wigness , John G. Rogers , Hao Zhang

Legged robots that can operate autonomously in remote and hazardous environments will greatly increase opportunities for exploration into under-explored areas. Exteroceptive perception is crucial for fast and energy-efficient locomotion:…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Takahiro Miki , Joonho Lee , Jemin Hwangbo , Lorenz Wellhausen , Vladlen Koltun , Marco Hutter

This work presents an extended framework for learning-based bipedal locomotion that incorporates a heuristic step-planning strategy guided by desired torso velocity tracking. The framework enables precise interaction between a humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 William Suliman , Ekaterina Chaikovskaia , Egor Davydenko , Roman Gorbachev