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Related papers: Targeted Reduction of Causal Models

200 papers

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using machine learning techniques for the estimation of treatment effects. Most of the best-performing methods rely on representation learning strategies that encourage shared behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Roger Pros , Jordi Vitrià

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents are becoming increasingly proficient in a range of complex control tasks. However, the agent's behavior is usually difficult to interpret due to the introduction of black-box function, making it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Wenjie Shi , Gao Huang , Shiji Song , Cheng Wu

Deep generative models have shown tremendous capability in data density estimation and data generation from finite samples. While these models have shown impressive performance by learning correlations among features in the data, some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Aneesh Komanduri , Xintao Wu , Yongkai Wu , Feng Chen

Object-centric representation (OCR) has recently become a subject of interest in the computer vision community for learning a structured representation of images and videos. It has been several times presented as a potential way to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Alexandre Chapin , Emmanuel Dellandrea , Liming Chen

The ability to learn disentangled representations that split underlying sources of variation in high dimensional, unstructured data is important for data efficient and robust use of neural networks. While various approaches aiming towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-15 Raphael Suter , Đorđe Miladinović , Bernhard Schölkopf , Stefan Bauer

With the increasing need of personalised decision making, such as personalised medicine and online recommendations, a growing attention has been paid to the discovery of the context and heterogeneity of causal relationships. Most existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Saisai Ma , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Thuc Duy Le

Modern machine learning models excel at pattern recognition but remain brittle, often failing to generalize out of distribution (OOD) because they capture spurious correlations rather than the underlying causal data-generating process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Govind Vallabhasseri Binish , Abdhul Ahadh , Rano Roy Kavanal , Arya Ukunde

Through recognizing causal subgraphs, causal graph learning (CGL) has risen to be a promising approach for improving the generalizability of graph neural networks under out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios. However, the empirical successes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yujia Yin , Tianyi Qu , Zihao Wang , Yifan Chen

Interpretability research on large language models (LLMs) has yielded important insights into model behaviour, yet recurring pitfalls persist: findings that do not generalise, and causal interpretations that outrun the evidence. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Shruti Joshi , Aaron Mueller , David Klindt , Wieland Brendel , Patrik Reizinger , Dhanya Sridhar

Recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) successes rely on end-to-end learning from fixed-size observational inputs (e.g. image, state-variables). However, many challenging and interesting problems in decision making involve observations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Vince Jankovics , Michael Garcia Ortiz , Eduardo Alonso

Machine learning algorithms are designed to capture complex relationships between features. In this context, the high dimensionality of data often results in poor model performance, with the risk of overfitting. Feature selection, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Paolo Bonetti , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) requires the collection of interventional data, which is sometimes expensive and even unethical in the real world, such as in the autonomous driving and the medical field. Offline reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Wenxuan Zhu , Chao Yu , Qiang Zhang

Inductive representation learning on temporal heterogeneous graphs is crucial for scalable deep learning on heterogeneous information networks (HINs) which are time-varying, such as citation networks. However, most existing approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Chenglin Li , Yuanzhen Xie , Chenyun Yu , Lei Cheng , Bo Hu , Zang Li , Di Niu

We introduce a control-tutored reinforcement learning (CTRL) algorithm. The idea is to enhance tabular learning algorithms so as to improve the exploration of the state-space, and substantially reduce learning times by leveraging some…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-13 Francesco De Lellis , Fabrizia Auletta , Giovanni Russo , Piero De Lellis , Mario di Bernardo

Despite their success and widespread adoption, the opaque nature of deep neural networks (DNNs) continues to hinder trust, especially in critical applications. Current interpretability solutions often yield inconsistent or oversimplified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Alec F. Diallo , Vaishak Belle , Paul Patras

The paper reviews methods that seek to draw causal inference from observational data and demonstrates how they can be applied to empirical problems in engineering research. It presents a framework for causal identification based on the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-28 Daniel J Graham

Despite notable results in various fields over the recent years, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms lack transparency, affecting user trust and hindering their deployment to high-risk tasks. Causal confusion refers to a phenomenon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Jasmina Gajcin , Ivana Dusparic

We study the problem of deriving policies, or rules, that when enacted on a complex system, cause a desired outcome. Absent the ability to perform controlled experiments, such rules have to be inferred from past observations of the system's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Kailash Budhathoki , Mario Boley , Jilles Vreeken

Identifiable causal representation learning seeks to uncover the true causal relationships underlying a data generation process. In medical imaging, this presents opportunities to improve the generalisability and robustness of task-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Rajat Rasal , Avinash Kori , Ben Glocker

Complex systems are ubiquitous in the real world and tend to have complicated and poorly understood dynamics. For their control issues, the challenge is to guarantee accuracy, robustness, and generalization in such bloated and troubled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Xuehui Yu , Jingchi Jiang , Xinmiao Yu , Yi Guan , Xue Li