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We prove analytic and combinatorial identities reminiscent of Schur's classical partition theorem. Specifically, we show that certain families of overpartitions whose parts satisfy gap conditions are equinumerous with partitions whose parts…

This paper studies the restriction multiplicities of half-diagram modules for the partition algebra and their geometric interpretations. By specializing the Bowman-De Visscher-Orellana formula [BVC, Theorem 4.3] for restriction…

Let $K\subseteq \mathbb{R}$ be a number field. Using techniques of discrete analysis, we prove that for definable sets $X$ in $\mathbb{R}_{\exp}$ of dimension at most $2$ a conjecture of Wilkie about the density of rational points is…

Possible transcendental nature of Euler's constant $\gamma$ has been the focus of study for sometime now. One possible approach is to consider $\gamma$ not in isolation, but as an element of the infinite family of generalised Euler-Briggs…

The theory of positive maps plays a central role in operator algebras and functional analysis, and has countless applications in quantum information science. The theory was originally developed for operators acting on complex Hilbert…

We establish a Pythagorean theorem for the absolute values of the blocks of a partitioned matrix. This leads to a series of remarkable operator inequalities.

For a given ring (domain) in $\overline{\mathbb{R}}^n$ we discuss whether its boundary components can be separated by an annular ring with modulus nearly equal to that of the given ring. In particular, we show that, for all $n\ge 3\,,$ the…

A perfect Euler cuboid is a rectangular parallelepiped with integer edges and integer face diagonals whose space diagonal is also integer. The problem of finding such parallelepipeds or proving their non-existence is an old unsolved…

Euler had considered the problem of finding three integers whose sum, product, and also the sum of the products of the integers, taken two at a time, are all perfect squares. Euler's methods of solving the problem lead to parametric…

Every partition of [[omega_1]^{< omega}]^2 into finitely many pieces has a cofinal homogeneous set. Furthermore, it is consistent that every directed partially ordered set satisfies the partition property if and only if it has finite…

Hecke studies the distribution of fractional parts of quadratic irrationals with Fourier expansion of Dirichlet series. This method is generalized by Behnke and Ash-Friedberg, to study the distribution of the number of totally positive…

Recently, Schneider and Schneider defined a new class of partitions called sequentially congruent partitions, in which each part is congruent to the next part modulo its index, and they proved two partition bijections involving these…

The absolute separability problem asks for a characterization of the quantum states $\rho \in M_m\otimes M_n$ with the property that $U\rho U^\dagger$ is separable for all unitary matrices $U$. We investigate whether or not it is the case…

We consider generalized $\Lambda$-structures on algebras and schemes over the ring of integers $\mathit{O}_K$ of a number field $K$. When $K=\mathbb{Q}$, these agree with the $\lambda$-ring structures of algebraic K-theory. We then study…

We describe a family of twisted partition functions for the relativistic spinning particle models. For suitable choices of fugacities this computes a refined Euler characteristics that counts the dimension of the physical states for…

Standard quantum mechanics employs complex Hilbert spaces, but whether complex numbers are fundamental or merely convenient has long been debated. For decades, real-valued equivalents were considered mathematically possible but cumbersome.…

We obtain a description of the Bipartite Perfect Matching decision problem as a multilinear polynomial over the Reals. We show that it has full degree and $(1-o_n(1))\cdot 2^{n^2}$ monomials with non-zero coefficients. In contrast, we show…

We focus on the classification of positive solutions to $(-\Delta)^s u=\frac{x_n^{\alpha}}{u^\gamma}$ in the half space with $\gamma>0$, subject to the Dirichlet condition. We show that when $-2s<\alpha<(\gamma-1)s$, all positive solutions…

We carry out the complete group classification of the class of (1+1)-dimensional linear Schr\"odinger equations with complex-valued potentials. After introducing the notion of uniformly semi-normalized classes of differential equations, we…

We extend the family of classical Schur algebras in type A, which determine the polynomial representation theory of general linear groups over an infinite field, to a larger family, the rational Schur algebras, which determine the rational…