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Active learning (AL) is a widely-used training strategy for maximizing predictive performance subject to a fixed annotation budget. In AL one iteratively selects training examples for annotation, often those for which the current model is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 David Lowell , Zachary C. Lipton , Byron C. Wallace

In the era of data-driven intelligence, the paradox of data abundance and annotation scarcity has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the advancement of machine learning. This paper gives a detailed overview of Active Learning (AL), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chiung-Yi Tseng , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Tianyang Wang , Chia Xin Liang , Xinyuan Song , Ming Liu

Active Learning (AL) is a family of machine learning (ML) algorithms that predates the current era of artificial intelligence. Unlike traditional approaches that require labeled samples for training, AL iteratively selects unlabeled samples…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Yongcheng Ding , José D. Martín-Guerrero , Yolanda Vives-Gilabert , Xi Chen

Numerical N-body simulations are commonly used to explore stability regions around exoplanets, offering insights into the possible existence of satellites and ring systems. This study aims to utilize Machine Learning (ML) techniques to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-22 Tiago F. L. L. Pinheiro , Rafael Sfair , Giovana Ramon

Active Learning (AL) aims to reduce the labeling burden by interactively selecting the most informative samples from a pool of unlabeled data. While there has been extensive research on improving AL query methods in recent years, some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Carsten T. Lüth , Till J. Bungert , Lukas Klein , Paul F. Jaeger

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a foundational state estimation problem in robotics in which a robot accurately constructs a map of its environment while also localizing itself within this construction. We study the active…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ilir Gusija , Fady Alajaji , Serdar Yüksel

Active learning (AL) can drastically accelerate materials discovery; its power has been shown in various classes of materials and target properties. Prior efforts have used machine learning models for the optimal selection of physical…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-18 David E. Farache , Juan C. Verduzco , Zachary D. McClure , Saaketh Desai , Alejandro Strachan

Modern systems that rely on Machine Learning (ML) for predictive modelling, may suffer from the cold-start problem: supervised models work well but, initially, there are no labels, which are costly or slow to obtain. This problem is even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Ricardo Barata , Miguel Leite , Ricardo Pacheco , Marco O. P. Sampaio , João Tiago Ascensão , Pedro Bizarro

Active learning (AL) is a human-and-model-in-the-loop paradigm that iteratively selects informative unlabeled data for human annotation, aiming to improve over random sampling. However, performing AL experiments with human annotations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Katerina Margatina , Nikolaos Aletras

Active Learning (AL) has emerged as a powerful approach for minimizing labeling costs by selectively sampling the most informative data for neural network model development. Effective AL for large-scale vision-language models necessitates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Athmanarayanan Lakshmi Narayanan , Amrutha Machireddy , Ranganath Krishnan

The n body problem, fundamental to astrophysics, simulates the motion of n bodies acting under the effect of their own mutual gravitational interactions. Traditional machine learning models that are used for predicting and forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Suriya R S , Prathamesh Dinesh Joshi , Rajat Dandekar , Raj Dandekar , Sreedath Panat

Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is the problem of planning and controlling the motion of a robot to build the most accurate and complete model of the surrounding environment. Since the first foundational work in active…

Pool-based active learning (AL) is a promising technology for increasing data-efficiency of machine learning models. However, surveys show that performance of recent AL methods is very sensitive to the choice of dataset and training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Tim Bakker , Herke van Hoof , Max Welling

Active learning (AL) plays a critical role in materials science, enabling applications such as the construction of machine-learning interatomic potentials for atomistic simulations and the operation of self-driving laboratories. Despite its…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-12 Akhil S. Nair , Lucas Foppa

Simulating the evolution of the gravitational N-body problem becomes extremely computationally expensive as N increases since the problem complexity scales quadratically with the number of bodies. We study the use of Artificial Neural…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-01 Veronica Saz Ulibarrena , Philipp Horn , Simon Portegies Zwart , Elena Sellentin , Barry Koren , Maxwell X. Cai

A central question for active learning (AL) is: "what is the optimal selection?" Defining optimality by classifier loss produces a new characterisation of optimal AL behaviour, by treating expected loss reduction as a statistical target for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-02-06 Lewis P. G. Evans , Niall M. Adams , Christoforos Anagnostopoulos

Despite the great promise of machine-learning algorithms to classify and predict astrophysical parameters for the vast numbers of astrophysical sources and transients observed in large-scale surveys, the peculiarities of the training data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Joseph W. Richards , Dan L. Starr , Henrik Brink , Adam A. Miller , Joshua S. Bloom , Nathaniel R. Butler , J. Berian James , James P. Long , John Rice

Active learning (AL) has shown promise for being a particularly data-efficient machine learning approach. Yet, its performance depends on the application and it is not clear when AL practitioners can expect computational savings. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Kunal Ghosh , Milica Todorović , Aki Vehtari , Patrick Rinke

Context. Machine-Learning (ML) solves problems by learning patterns from data, with limited or no human guidance. In Astronomy, it is mainly applied to large observational datasets, e.g. for morphological galaxy classification. Aims. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-27 Mario Pasquato , Chul Chung

Disordered many-body systems exhibit a wide range of emergent phenomena across different scales. These complex behaviors can be utilized for various information processing tasks such as error correction, learning, and optimization. Despite…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-08-04 Weishun Zhong
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