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Representations learnt through deep neural networks tend to be highly informative, but opaque in terms of what information they learn to encode. We introduce an approach to probabilistic modelling that learns to represent data with two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-21 Ilya Feige

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) learn representations of data by jointly training a probabilistic encoder and decoder network. Typically these models encode all features of the data into a single variable. Here we are interested in learning…

Diffusion models are increasingly used as powerful conditional generators, yet real deployments often involve multiple target distributions arising from different tasks, e.g., diverse prompt domains in text-to-image generation, or multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ziheng Cheng , Yixiao Huang , Hanlin Zhu , Haoran Geng , Somayeh Sojoudi , Jitendra Malik , Pieter Abbeel , Xin Guo

Originating from the diffusion phenomenon in physics, which describes the random movement and collisions of particles, diffusion generative models simulate a random walk in the data space along the denoising trajectory. This allows…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuhan Pei , Ruoyu Wang , Yongqi Yang , Ye Zhu , Olga Russakovsky , Yu Wu

At the core of both successful generative and self-supervised representation learning models there is a reconstruction objective that incorporates some form of image corruption. Diffusion models implement this approach through a scheduled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Philippe Hansen-Estruch , Sriram Vishwanath , Amy Zhang , Manan Tomar

Denosing diffusion model, as a generative model, has received a lot of attention in the field of image generation recently, thanks to its powerful generation capability. However, diffusion models have not yet received sufficient research in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 ZiHan Cao , ShiQi Cao , Xiao Wu , JunMing Hou , Ran Ran , Liang-Jian Deng

Self-supervised learning has become a central strategy for representation learning, but the majority of architectures used for encoding data have only been validated on regularly-sampled inputs such as images, audios. and videos. In many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-24 Yunyi Shen , Alexander Gagliano

Disentangled representation learning aims to capture the underlying explanatory factors of observed data, enabling a principled understanding of the data-generating process. Recent advances in generative modeling have introduced new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jinjin Chi , Taoping Liu , Mengtao Yin , Ximing Li , Yongcheng Jing , Jialie Shen , Leszek Rutkowski , Dacheng Tao

Denoising diffusion models represent a recent emerging topic in computer vision, demonstrating remarkable results in the area of generative modeling. A diffusion model is a deep generative model that is based on two stages, a forward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Florinel-Alin Croitoru , Vlad Hondru , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Mubarak Shah

Cross-modal alignment is an effective approach to improving visual classification. Existing studies typically enforce a one-step mapping that uses deep neural networks to project the visual features to mimic the distribution of textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zixuan Li , Lei Meng , Guoqing Chao , Wei Wu , Xiaoshuo Yan , Yimeng Yang , Zhuang Qi , Xiangxu Meng

Diffusion models have shown remarkable success across a wide range of generative tasks. However, they often suffer from spatially inconsistent generation, arguably due to the inherent locality of their denoising mechanisms. This can yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenshuai Zhao , Zhiyuan Li , Yi Zhao , Mohammad Hassan Vali , Martin Trapp , Joni Pajarinen , Juho Kannala , Arno Solin

A single text prompt passed to a diffusion model often yields a wide range of visual outputs determined solely by stochastic process, leaving users with no direct control over which specific semantic variations appear in the image. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Paweł Skierś , Tomasz Trzciński , Kamil Deja

Recent work has shown that diffusion models can serve as powerful neural rendering engines that can be leveraged for inserting virtual objects into images. However, unlike typical physics-based renderers, these neural rendering engines are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Frédéric Fortier-Chouinard , Zitian Zhang , Louis-Etienne Messier , Mathieu Garon , Anand Bhattad , Jean-François Lalonde

Adapting large-scale pre-trained generative models in a parameter-efficient manner is gaining traction. Traditional methods like low rank adaptation achieve parameter efficiency by imposing constraints but may not be optimal for tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Xinxi Zhang , Song Wen , Ligong Han , Felix Juefei-Xu , Akash Srivastava , Junzhou Huang , Hao Wang , Molei Tao , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Over the past few years, self-supervised monocular depth estimation that does not depend on ground-truth during the training phase has received widespread attention. Most efforts focus on designing different types of network architectures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Shuwei Shao , Zhongcai Pei , Weihai Chen , Dingchi Sun , Peter C. Y. Chen , Zhengguo Li

Unsupervised learning of feature representations is a challenging yet important problem for analyzing a large collection of multimedia data that do not have semantic labels. Recently proposed neural network-based unsupervised learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Takahiko Furuya , Ryutarou Ohbuchi

In this manuscript, we consider the problem of learning a flow or diffusion-based generative model parametrized by a two-layer auto-encoder, trained with online stochastic gradient descent, on a high-dimensional target density with an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hugo Cui , Cengiz Pehlevan , Yue M. Lu

We propose a new encoder-decoder approach to learn distributed sentence representations that are applicable to multiple purposes. The model is learned by using a convolutional neural network as an encoder to map an input sentence into a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Zhe Gan , Yunchen Pu , Ricardo Henao , Chunyuan Li , Xiaodong He , Lawrence Carin

While one-step diffusion models have recently excelled in perceptual image compression, their application to video remains limited. Prior efforts typically rely on pretrained 2D autoencoders that generate per-frame latent representations…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Xingchen Li , Junzhe Zhang , Junqi Shi , Ming Lu , Zhan Ma

Self-supervised learning has garnered increasing attention in time series analysis for benefiting various downstream tasks and reducing reliance on labeled data. Despite its effectiveness, existing methods often struggle to comprehensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Daoyu Wang , Mingyue Cheng , Zhiding Liu , Qi Liu