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Image segmentation is important in medical imaging, providing valuable, quantitative information for clinical decision-making in diagnosis, therapy, and intervention. The state-of-the-art in automated segmentation remains supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Margherita Rosnati , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Miguel Monteiro , Daniel Coelho de Castro , Ben Glocker

Remote sensing semantic segmentation must address both what the ground objects are within an image and where they are located. Consequently, segmentation models must ensure not only the semantic correctness of large-scale patches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Hao Wang , Keyan Hu , Xin Guo , Haifeng Li , Chao Tao

Biomedical image segmentation is a crucial part of both scientific research and clinical care. With enough labelled data, deep learning models can be trained to accurately automate specific biomedical image segmentation tasks. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Hallee E. Wong , Marianne Rakic , John Guttag , Adrian V. Dalca

Advancements in text-to-image generative AI with large multimodal models are spreading into the field of image compression, creating high-quality representation of images at extremely low bit rates. This work introduces novel components to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Cheng-Lin Wu , Hyomin Choi , Ivan V. Bajić

The acquisition of large-scale, high-quality data is a resource-intensive and time-consuming endeavor. Compared to conventional Data Augmentation (DA) techniques (e.g. cropping and rotation), exploiting prevailing diffusion models for data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yunxiang Fu , Chaoqi Chen , Yu Qiao , Yizhou Yu

We propose an approach to semantic segmentation that achieves state-of-the-art supervised performance when applied in a zero-shot setting. It thus achieves results equivalent to those of the supervised methods, on each of the major semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Wei Yin , Yifan Liu , Chunhua Shen , Baichuan Sun , Anton van den Hengel

Large, fine-grained image segmentation datasets, annotated at pixel-level, are difficult to obtain, particularly in medical imaging, where annotations also require expert knowledge. Weakly-supervised learning can train models by relying on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Gabriele Valvano , Andrea Leo , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

The pre-trained text-image discriminative models, such as CLIP, has been explored for open-vocabulary semantic segmentation with unsatisfactory results due to the loss of crucial localization information and awareness of object shapes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jinglong Wang , Xiawei Li , Jing Zhang , Qingyuan Xu , Qin Zhou , Qian Yu , Lu Sheng , Dong Xu

We propose a training-free approach to improve sentence embeddings leveraging test-time compute by applying generative text models for data augmentation at inference time. Unlike conventional data augmentation that utilises synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Manuel Frank , Haithem Afli

Image synthesis approaches, e.g., generative adversarial networks, have been popular as a form of data augmentation in medical image analysis tasks. It is primarily beneficial to overcome the shortage of publicly accessible data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Shiyi Du , Xiaosong Wang , Yongyi Lu , Yuyin Zhou , Shaoting Zhang , Alan Yuille , Kang Li , Zongwei Zhou

Simple data augmentation techniques, such as rotations and flips, are widely used to enhance the generalization power of computer vision models. However, these techniques often fail to modify high-level semantic attributes of a class. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tobias Lingenberg , Markus Reuter , Gopika Sudhakaran , Dominik Gojny , Stefan Roth , Simone Schaub-Meyer

Despite data augmentation being a de facto technique for boosting the performance of deep neural networks, little attention has been paid to developing augmentation strategies for generative adversarial networks (GANs). To this end, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Prateek Katiyar , Anna Khoreva

Deep learning in medical imaging is often limited by scarce and imbalanced annotated data. We present SSGNet, a unified framework that combines class specific generative modeling with iterative semisupervised pseudo labeling to enhance both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Mosong Ma , Tania Stathaki , Michalis Lazarou

The usage of medical image data for the training of large-scale machine learning approaches is particularly challenging due to its scarce availability and the costly generation of data annotations, typically requiring the engagement of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Joshua Niemeijer , Jan Ehrhardt , Hristina Uzunova , Heinz Handels

The success of deep networks in medical image segmentation relies heavily on massive labeled training data. However, acquiring dense annotations is a time-consuming process. Weakly-supervised methods normally employ less expensive forms of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mu Tian , Qinzhu Yang , Yi Gao

Training supervised deep neural networks that perform defect detection and segmentation requires large-scale fully-annotated datasets, which can be hard or even impossible to obtain in industrial environments. Generative AI offers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Gabriele Valvano , Antonino Agostino , Giovanni De Magistris , Antonino Graziano , Giacomo Veneri

Training deep networks with limited labeled data while achieving a strong generalization ability is key in the quest to reduce human annotation efforts. This is the goal of semi-supervised learning, which exploits more widely available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Daiqing Li , Junlin Yang , Karsten Kreis , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

The scale and quality of datasets are crucial for training robust perception models. However, obtaining large-scale annotated data is both costly and time-consuming. Generative models have emerged as a powerful tool for data augmentation by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Haowei Zhu , Tianxiang Pan , Rui Qin , Jun-Hai Yong , Bin Wang

Scribble-supervised semantic segmentation has gained much attention recently for its promising performance without high-quality annotations. Due to the lack of supervision, confident and consistent predictions are usually hard to obtain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Zhiyi Pan , Peng Jiang , Yunhai Wang , Changhe Tu , Anthony G. Cohn

The state of the art in semantic segmentation is steadily increasing in performance, resulting in more precise and reliable segmentations in many different applications. However, progress is limited by the cost of generating labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Viktor Olsson , Wilhelm Tranheden , Juliano Pinto , Lennart Svensson