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`Categorification' is the process of replacing equations by isomorphisms. We describe some of the ways a thoroughgoing emphasis on categorification can simplify and unify mathematics. We begin with elementary arithmetic, where the category…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 John C. Baez , James Dolan

The aim of this manuscript is to give some basic notions related to numerical semigroups, and from these on the one hand describe a classical application to the study of singularities of plane algebraic curves, and on the other, show how…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Abdallah Assi , Pedro A. García-Sánchez

Unsupervised extractive document summarization aims to select important sentences from a document without using labeled summaries during training. Existing methods are mostly graph-based with sentences as nodes and edge weights measured by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Shusheng Xu , Xingxing Zhang , Yi Wu , Furu Wei , Ming Zhou

We construct a new compactification of the moduli space of maps from pointed nonsingular projective stable curves to a nonsingular projective variety with prescribed ramification indices at the points. It is shown to be a proper…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2011-06-01 Bumsig Kim , Andrew Kresch , Yong-Geun Oh

We give a model-theoretic account for several results regarding sequences of random variables appearing in Berkes & Rosenthal \cite{Berkes-Rosenthal:AlmostExchangeableSequences}. In order to do this, {itemize} We study and compare three…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-08-07 Itaï Ben Yaacov , Alexander Berenstein , C. Ward Henson

Meta learning methods have found success when applied to few shot classification problems, in which they quickly adapt to a small number of labeled examples. Prototypical representations, each representing a particular class, have been of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Evan Vogelbaum , Rumen Dangovski , Li Jing , Marin Soljačić

Canonical correlation analysis is a family of multivariate statistical methods for the analysis of paired sets of variables. Since its proposition, canonical correlation analysis has for instance been extended to extract relations between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Viivi Uurtio , João M. Monteiro , Jaz Kandola , John Shawe-Taylor , Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes , Juho Rousu

This material is a rewriting and expansion of notes for beginning graduate students in seminars in combinatorics (Department of Mathematics, University of California San Diego). Solid skills in linear and multilinear algebra were required…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-07-22 S. Gill Williamson

In \cite[Section 5, p.32]{Arnold-1998}, Arnold writes: "Classification of singularities of curves can be interpreted in dual terms as a description of 'co-artin' subalgebras of finite co-dimension in the algebra of formal series in a single…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-06-17 V. V. Bavula

Using arbitrary symplectic structures and parametrization invariant actions, we develop a formalism, based on Dirac's quantization procedure, that allows us to consider theories with both space-space as well as space-time noncommutativity.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Marcos Rosenbaum , J. David Vergara , L. Román Juárez

We present a common framework to study varieties in great generality from a categorical point of view. The main application of this study is in the setting of algebraic categories, where we introduce Birkhoff varieties which are essentially…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-12 Jose Avila

We consider inference from non-random samples in data-rich settings where high-dimensional auxiliary information is available both in the sample and the target population, with survey inference being a special case. We propose a regularized…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-13 Yutao Liu , Andrew Gelman , Qixuan Chen

This paper explores Bayesian estimation for categorical data, focusing on simple yet effective models that provide a foundation for applying more advanced methods accurately and reliably in real-world applications. We begin by revisiting…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Jan Kalina

We construct the non-standard complex (and real) numbers using the ultrapower method in the spirit of Cauchy's construction of the real numbers. We show that the non-standard complex numbers are a non-archimedean, algebraically closed…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-10-10 Raymond Cavalcante

Regularization methods are a key tool in the solution of inverse problems. They are used to introduce prior knowledge and make the approximation of ill-posed (pseudo-)inverses feasible. In the last two decades interest has shifted from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-31 Martin Benning , Martin Burger

Periodic and semi periodic patterns are very common in nature. In this paper we introduce a topological toolbox aiming in detecting and quantifying periodicity. The presented technique is of a general nature and may be employed wherever…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-05-30 Paweł Dłotko , Wanling Qiu , Simon Rudkin

We investigate a hierarchy of arithmetical structures obtained by a transfinite addition of a canonic universal predicate, where the canonic universal predicate for M is defined as a minimum universal predicate for M in terms of…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pavel Hrubes

Stratification in both the design and analysis of randomized clinical trials is common. Despite features in automated randomization systems to re-confirm the stratifying variables, incorrect values of these variables may be entered. These…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-24 Neal Thomas

Discrete canonical evolution is a key tool for understanding the dynamics in discrete models of spacetime, in particular those represented by a triangular Regge lattice. We consider a finite-dimensional system whose evolution is realized by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-18 Jakub Káninský

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we introduce a new class of linearizations, based on the generalization of a construction used in polynomial algebra to find the zeros of a system of (scalar) polynomial equations. We show that one…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-08-26 Federico Poloni