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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional results on current benchmarks when working individually. The advancement in their capabilities, along with a reduction in parameter size and inference times, has facilitated the use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Alfonso Amayuelas , Xianjun Yang , Antonis Antoniades , Wenyue Hua , Liangming Pan , William Wang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve remarkable success across a wide range of applications, such as chatbots and code copilots, concerns surrounding the generation of harmful content have come increasingly into focus. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenjie Fu , Huandong Wang , Junyao Gao , Guoan Wan , Tao Jiang

The growing demand for accessible mental health support, compounded by workforce shortages and logistical barriers, has led to increased interest in utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) for scalable and real-time assistance. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ugur Kursuncu , Trilok Padhi , Gaurav Sinha , Abdulkadir Erol , Jaya Krishna Mandivarapu , Christopher R. Larrison

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in text generation, yet their emotional consistency and semantic coherence in social media contexts remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates how LLMs handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Wentao Xu , Wenlu Fan , Yuqi Zhu , Bin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly important for machine learning applications. However, it can be challenging to align LLMs with our intent, particularly when we want to generate content that is preferable over others…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Xiang Gao , Kamalika Das

Recently research has started focusing on avoiding undesired effects that come with content moderation, such as censorship and overblocking, when dealing with hatred online. The core idea is to directly intervene in the discussion with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Yi-Ling Chung , Marco Guerini

Hateful comments are prevalent on social media platforms. Although tools for automatically detecting, flagging, and blocking such false, offensive, and harmful content online have lately matured, such reactive and brute force methods alone…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Sougata Saha , Rohini Srihari

Large language models (LLMs) are popular for high-quality text generation but can produce harmful content, even when aligned with human values through reinforcement learning. Adversarial prompts can bypass their safety measures. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Mansi Phute , Alec Helbling , Matthew Hull , ShengYun Peng , Sebastian Szyller , Cory Cornelius , Duen Horng Chau

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled multi-agent systems that simulate real-world interactions with near-human reasoning. While previous studies have extensively examined biases related to protected attributes such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Min Choi , Keonwoo Kim , Sungwon Chae , Sangyeob Baek

The widespread dissemination of hate speech, harassment, harmful and sexual content, and violence across websites and media platforms presents substantial challenges and provokes widespread concern among different sectors of society.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Nouar AlDahoul , Myles Joshua Toledo Tan , Harishwar Reddy Kasireddy , Yasir Zaki

Hate speech detection is a critical problem in social media platforms, being often accused for enabling the spread of hatred and igniting physical violence. Hate speech detection requires overwhelming resources including high-performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

The proliferation of hate speech on social media platforms has necessitated the development of effective detection and moderation tools. This study evaluates the efficacy of various machine learning models in identifying hate speech and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Saurabh Mishra , Shivani Thakur , Radhika Mamidi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to promote prosocial and constructive discourse online. Yet little is known about how these models negotiate and shape underlying values when reframing people's arguments on value-laden…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Farhana Shahid , Stella Zhang , Aditya Vashistha

Fighting online hate speech is a challenge that is usually addressed using Natural Language Processing via automatic detection and removal of hate content. Besides this approach, counter narratives have emerged as an effective tool employed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Helena Bonaldi , Sara Dellantonio , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Marco Guerini

Despite growing interest in automated hate speech detection, most existing approaches overlook the linguistic diversity of online content. Multilingual instruction-tuned large language models such as LLaMA, Aya, Qwen, and BloomZ offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Faeze Ghorbanpour , Daryna Dementieva , Alexander Fraser

Mitigating climate change requires behaviour change. However, even climate-concerned individuals often hold misperceptions about which actions most reduce carbon emissions. We recruited 1201 climate-concerned individuals to examine whether…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Miriam Remshard , Yara Kyrychenko , Sander van der Linden , Matthew H. Goldberg , Anthony Leiserowitz , Elena Savoia , Jon Roozenbeek

Online hate speech is associated with substantial social harms, yet it remains unclear how consistently platforms enforce hate speech policies or whether enforcement is feasible at scale. We address these questions through a global audit of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on web-scale corpora inherently absorb toxic patterns from their training data. This leads to toxic degeneration where even innocuous prompts can trigger harmful outputs. This phenomenon poses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Mokshit Surana , Archit Rathod , Akshaj Satishkumar

The rapid expansion of social media leads to a marked increase in hate speech, which threatens personal lives and results in numerous hate crimes. Detecting hate speech presents several challenges: diverse dialects, frequent code-mixing,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ruhina Tabasshum Prome , Tarikul Islam Tamiti , Anomadarshi Barua

Large language models (LLMs) play a key role in generating evidence-based and stylistic counter-arguments, yet their effectiveness in real-world applications has been underexplored. Previous research often neglects the balance between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Preetika Verma , Kokil Jaidka , Svetlana Churina
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