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We identify and investigate two classes of non-Hermitian systems, i.e., one resulting from Lorentz-symmetry violation (LSV) and the other from a complex mass (CM) with Lorentz invariance, from the perspective of quantum field theory. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Zi-Yong Ge , Yu-Ran Zhang , Tao Liu , Si-Wen Li , Heng Fan , Franco Nori

Bulk-boundary correspondence, a central principle in topological matter relating bulk topological invariants to edge states, breaks down in a generic class of non-Hermitian systems that have so far eluded experimental effort. Here we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 Lei Xiao , Tianshu Deng , Kunkun Wang , Gaoyan Zhu , Zhong Wang , Wei Yi , Peng Xue

We numerically study topological effects of electromagnetic (EM) waves in a two-dimensional (2D) non-Hermitian photonic crystal (PhC) composed of lossy magneto-optical materials. In this system, not only the EM wavefunctions but also the…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-28 Huyen Thanh Phan , Katsunori Wakabayashi

The Hatano-Nelson and the non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model are paradigmatic examples of non-Hermitian systems that host non-trivial boundary phenomena. In this work, we use recently developed graph-theoretical tools to design…

Robust boundary states epitomize how deep physics can give rise to concrete experimental signatures with technological promise. Of late, much attention has focused on two distinct mechanisms for boundary robustness - topological protection,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Deyuan Zou , Tian Chen , Wenjing He , Jiacheng Bao , Ching Hua Lee , Houjun Sun , Xiangdong Zhang

It is generally believed that the non-Hermitian effect (NHSE), due to its non-reciprocal nature, creates barriers for the appearance of impurity bound states. In this paper, we find that in two and higher dimensions, the presence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Ao Yang , Zixi Fang , Kai Zhang , Chen Fang

The high sensitivity of the spectrum and wavefunctions to boundary conditions, termed the non-Hermitian skin effect, represents a fundamental aspect of non-Hermitian systems. While it endows non-Hermitian systems with unprecedented physical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Nan Cheng , Chang Shu , Kai Zhang , Xiaoming Mao , Kai Sun

We study the characterization of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) in non-Hermitian systems with on-site disorder. We extend the application of generalized-Brillouin-zone (GBZ) theory to these systems. By proposing a modified GBZ theory,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-05-03 Hongfang Liu , Ming Lu , Zhi-Qiang Zhang , Hua Jiang

The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), an anomalous localization behavior of the bulk states, is an inherently non-Hermitian phenomenon, which can not find a counterpart in Hermitian systems. However, the fragility of NHSE has been revealed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Shuai Li , Min Liu , Yue Zhang , Rui Tian , Maksims Arzamasovs , Bo Liu

The skin effect has been discovered in non-Hermitian Hamiltonian systems where all the eigenstates have their amplitudes concentrating to the open boundaries of the systems and decaying exponentially into the bulk. Later, certain open…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Ziheng Zhou , Zhenhua Yu

Explorations of symmetry and topology have led to important breakthroughs in quantum optics, but much richer behaviors arise from the non-Hermitian nature of light-matter interactions. A high-reflectivity, non-Hermitian optical mirror can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Yi-Cheng Wang , Jhih-Shih You , H. H. Jen

Non-Hermitian skin effect exhibits the collapse of the extended bulk modes into the extensive number of localized boundary states in open boundary conditions. Here we demonstrate the disorder-driven phase transition of the trivial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Kyoung-Min Kim , Moon Jip Park

Non-Hermitian systems generally host complex spectra that bring unique spectral topologies, leading to the spectral braiding and non-Hermitian skin effect. The experimental exploration of non-Hermitian physics is mainly concentrated in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Xiangru Chen , Jien Wu , Xingyu Chen , Zhenhang Pu , Yejian Hu , Jiuyang Lu , Manzhu Ke , Weiyin Deng , Zhengyou Liu

In conventional Hermitian systems with the open boundary condition, Bloch's theorem is perturbatively broken down, which means although the crystal momentum is not a good quantum number, the eigenstates are the superposition of several…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Zhesen Yang

The non-Hermitian skin effect, by which the eigenstates of Hamiltonian are predominantly localized at the boundary, has revealed a strong sensitivity of non-Hermitian systems to the boundary condition. Here we experimentally observe a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Lei Xiao , Wen-Tan Xue , Fei Song , Yu-Min Hu , Wei Yi , Zhong Wang , Peng Xue

Topological semimetals exhibit protected band crossings in momentum space, accompanied by corresponding surface states. Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians introduce geometry-sensitive features that dissolve this bulk-boundary correspondence…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Megan Schoenzeit , Chang Shu , Kai Zhang , Kai Sun

Non-Hermitian skin effect, the localization of an extensive number of eigenstates at the ends of the system, has greatly expanded the frontier of physical laws. It has long been believed that the present of skin modes is equivalent to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Gang-Feng Guo , Xi-Xi Bao , Han-Jie Zhu , Xiao-Ming Zhao , Lin Zhuang , Lei Tan , Wu-Ming Liu

Liouvillian skin effects, manifested as the localization of Liouvillian eigenstates around the boundary, are distinctive features of non-Hermitian systems and are particularly notable for their impact on system dynamics. Despite their…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Yuta Shigedomi , Tsuneya Yoshida

Open quantum systems provide a plethora of exotic topological phases of matter that has no Hermitian counterpart. Non-Hermitian skin effect, macroscopic collapse of bulk states to the boundary, has been extensively studied in various…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-09-15 Beom Hyun Kim , Jae-Ho Han , Moon Jip Park

We study a Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms subject to a non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupling, where the system acquires non-Hermitian skin effect under the interplay of spin-orbit coupling and laser-induced atom loss. The presence…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2022-11-02 Haowei Li , Xiaoling Cui , Wei Yi