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The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading variational approach to combinatorial optimization, but its practical performance depends strongly on objective design, parameter search, and shot allocation. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Siran Zhang , Shuming Cheng

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

Many optimization methods for training variational quantum algorithms are based on estimating gradients of the cost function. Due to the statistical nature of quantum measurements, this estimation requires many circuit evaluations, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Lennart Bittel , Jens Watty , Martin Kliesch

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) stands as a pivotal quantum computing subroutine that necessitates an inverse Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT). However, it is imperative to recognize that enhancing the precision of the estimation inevitably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Chen-Yu Liu , Chu-Hsuan Abraham Lin , Kuan-Cheng Chen

Quantum algorithm involves the manipulation of amplitudes and computational basis, of which manipulating basis is largely a quantum analogue of classical computing that is always a major contributor to the complexity. In order to make full…

Quantum phase estimation algorithm (PEA) is one of the most important algorithms in early studies of quantum computation. It is also a key for many other quantum algorithms, such as the quantum counting algorithm and the Shor's integer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-04 Xi Lu , Hongwei Lin

We present a method to model a discretized time evolution of probabilistic networks on gate-based quantum computers. We consider networks of nodes, where each node can be in one of two states: good or failed. In each time step,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 M. C. Braun , T. Decker , N. Hegemann , S. F. Kerstan , C. Maier , J. Ulmanis

The quantum phase estimation (QPE) is one of the fundamental algorithms based on the quantum Fourier transform. It has applications in order-finding, factoring, and finding the eigenvalues of unitary operators. The major challenge in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Muhammad Faizan , Muhammad Faryad

A probabilistic imaginary-time evolution (PITE) method was proposed as a nonvariational method to obtain a ground state on a quantum computer. In this formalism, the success probability of obtaining all imaginary-time evolution operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-29 Hirofumi Nishi , Taichi Kosugi , Yusuke Nishiya , Yu-ichiro Matsushita

Estimating delay tail probabilities in scheduling and load balancing systems is a critical but computationally prohibitive task due to the rarity of violation events. Quantum Amplitude Estimation (QAE) offers a generic quadratic reduction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 R. Srikant

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a standard method for combinatorial optimization with a gate-based quantum computer. The QAOA consists of a particular ansatz for the quantum circuit architecture, together with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-28 Li Li , Minjie Fan , Marc Coram , Patrick Riley , Stefan Leichenauer

In this paper, we propose a quantum amplitude estimation method that uses a modified Grover operator and quadratically improves the estimation accuracy in the ideal case, as in the conventional one using the standard Grover operator. Under…

We introduce a Bayesian method for the estimation of single qubit errors in quantum devices, and use it to characterize these errors on three 27-qubit superconducting qubit devices. We self-consistently estimate up to seven parameters of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-29 Haggai Landa , Dekel Meirom , Naoki Kanazawa , Mattias Fitzpatrick , Christopher J. Wood

Amplitude Estimation (AE) is a critical subroutine in many quantum algorithms, allowing for a quadratic speedup in various applications like those involving estimating statistics of various functions as in financial Monte Carlo simulations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 Salvatore Certo , Anh Dung Pham , Daniel Beaulieu

In this thesis, attention is paid to small experimental testbed applications with respect to the quantum phase estimation algorithm, the core approach for finding energy eigenvalues. An iterative scheme for quantum phase estimation (IPEA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-03-07 Miroslav Dobšíček

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading iterative variational quantum algorithm for heuristically solving combinatorial optimization problems. A large portion of the computational effort in QAOA is spent by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Ohad Amosy , Tamuz Danzig , Ely Porat , Gal Chechik , Adi Makmal

The readout error on near-term quantum devices is one of the dominant noise factors, which can be mitigated by classical postprocessing called quantum readout error mitigation (QREM). The standard QREM applies the inverse of noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Bo Yang , Rudy Raymond , Shumpei Uno

We introduce a variational algorithm based on the quantum alternating operator ansatz (QAOA) for the approximate solution of computationally hard counting problems. Our algorithm, dubbed VQCount, is based on the equivalence between random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Julien Drapeau , Shreya Banerjee , Stefanos Kourtis

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm, also known in its generalization as the quantum alternating operator ansatz, (QAOA) is a heuristic hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for finding high-quality approximate solutions to…

Quantum amplitude estimation is a key sub-routine of a number of quantum algorithms with various applications. We propose an adaptive algorithm for interval estimation of amplitudes. The quantum part of the algorithm is based only on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-20 Yunpeng Zhao , Haiyan Wang , Kuai Xu , Yue Wang , Ji Zhu , Feng Wang