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We propose a probabilistic filtering method which fuses joint measurements with depth images to yield a precise, real-time estimate of the end-effector pose in the camera frame. This avoids the need for frame transformations when using it…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Cristina Garcia Cifuentes , Jan Issac , Manuel Wüthrich , Stefan Schaal , Jeannette Bohg

In the existing literature, most 3D multi-object tracking algorithms based on the tracking-by-detection framework employed deterministic tracks and detections for similarity calculation in the data association stage. Namely, the inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Jiawei He , Chunyun Fu , Xiyang Wang

Multi-Target Tracking (MTT) is foundational for radar, defense, and autonomous systems, where tracking accuracy directly affects decision-making and safety. For linear systems with Gaussian process and measurement noise, the Kalman filter…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Priyank Behera , C. Robert Kenley

Detection-based tracking is one of the main methods of multi-object tracking. It can obtain good tracking results when using excellent detectors but it may associate wrong targets when facing overlapping and low-confidence detections. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Huan Mao , Yulin Chen , Zongtan Li , Feng Chen , Pingping Chen

Extended object tracking involves estimating both the physical extent and kinematic parameters of a target object, where typically multiple measurements are observed per time step. In this article, we propose a deterministic closed-form…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Simon Steuernagel , Marcus Baum

This paper focuses on \textit{joint detection, tracking and classification} (JDTC) of a target via multi-sensor fusion. The target can be present or not, can belong to different classes, and depending on its class can behave according to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-24 Gaiyou Li , Ping Wei , Giorgio Battistelli , Luigi Chisci , Lin Gao

In this paper we study the problem of cooperative searching and tracking (SAT) of multiple moving targets with a group of autonomous mobile agents that exhibit limited sensing capabilities. We assume that the actual number of targets is not…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Savvas Papaioannou , Panayiotis Kolios , Theocharis Theocharides , Christos G. Panayiotou , Marios M. Polycarpou

Multiobject tracking provides situational awareness that enables new applications for modern convenience, public safety, and homeland security. This paper presents a factor graph formulation and a particle-based sum-product algorithm (SPA)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-15 Florian Meyer , Jason L. Williams

Non-repetitive solid-state LiDAR scanning leads to an extremely sparse measurement regime for detecting airborne UAVs: a small quadrotor at 10-25 m typically produces only 1-2 returns per scan, which is far below the point densities assumed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Nivand Khosravi , Rodrigo Ventura , Meysam Basiri

Data association, the reasoning over correspondence between targets and measurements, is a problem of fundamental importance in target tracking. Recently, belief propagation (BP) has emerged as a promising method for estimating the marginal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Jason L. Williams , Roslyn A. Lau

This paper presents a novel approach to improve the accuracy of tracking multiple objects in a static scene using a particle filter system by introducing a data association step, a state queue for the collection of tracked objects and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-02 R. Alampay , K. Teknomo

Tracking multiple time-varying states based on heterogeneous observations is a key problem in many applications. Here, we develop a statistical model and algorithm for tracking an unknown number of targets based on the probabilistic fusion…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-10 Domenico Gaglione , Paolo Braca , Giovanni Soldi , Florian Meyer , Franz Hlawatsch , Moe Z. Win

This paper introduces a novel framework to learn data association for multi-object tracking in a self-supervised manner. Fully-supervised learning methods are known to achieve excellent tracking performances, but acquiring identity-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Shuai Li , Michael Burke , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Juergen Gall

Tracking multiple moving objects in real-time in a dynamic threat environment is an important element in national security and surveillance system. It helps pinpoint and distinguish potential candidates posing threats from other normal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Imtiaz Ahmed , Mikyoung Jun , Yu Ding

Joint detection and embedding (JDE) based methods usually estimate bounding boxes and embedding features of objects with a single network in Multi-Object Tracking (MOT). In the tracking stage, JDE-based methods fuse the target motion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Jiaxin Li , Yan Ding , Hualiang Wei

This work considers the problem of passively monitoring multiple moving targets with a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) agent equipped with a direction-finding radar. This is in general a challenging problem due to the unobservability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-01 Savvas Papaioannou , Christos Laoudias , Panayiotis Kolios , Theocharis Theocharides , Christos G. Panayiotou

The tracking-by-detection paradigm today has become the dominant method for multi-object tracking and works by detecting objects in each frame and then performing data association across frames. However, its sequential frame-wise matching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Sanghyun Woo , Kwanyong Park , Seoung Wug Oh , In So Kweon , Joon-Young Lee

The detection of multiple extended targets in complex environments using high-resolution automotive radar is considered. A data-driven approach is proposed where unlabeled synchronized lidar data is used as ground truth to train a neural…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-14 Ignacio Roldan , Andras Palffy , Julian F. P. Kooij , Dariu M. Gavrila , Francesco Fioranelli , Alexander Yarovoy

This paper considers the data association problem for multi-target tracking. Multiple hypothesis tracking is a popular algorithm for solving this problem but it is NP-hard and is is quite complicated for a large number of targets or for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Haiqi Liu , Xiaojing Shen , Zhiguo Wang , Fanqin Meng , Junfeng Wang , Pramod , Varshney

Multi-object tracking (MOT) and trajectory prediction are two critical components in modern 3D perception systems that require accurate modeling of multi-agent interaction. We hypothesize that it is beneficial to unify both tasks under one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Xinshuo Weng , Ye Yuan , Kris Kitani