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Human language is grounded on multimodal knowledge including visual knowledge like colors, sizes, and shapes. However, current large-scale pre-trained language models rely on text-only self-supervised training with massive text data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Haoyu Song , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Do large language models (LLMs) display rational reasoning? LLMs have been shown to contain human biases due to the data they have been trained on; whether this is reflected in rational reasoning remains less clear. In this paper, we answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Olivia Macmillan-Scott , Mirco Musolesi

Achieving machine intelligence requires a smooth integration of perception and reasoning, yet models developed to date tend to specialize in one or the other; sophisticated manipulation of symbols acquired from rich perceptual spaces has so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Eric Crawford , Guillaume Rabusseau , Joelle Pineau

Vision language models (VLMs) are AI systems paired with both language and vision encoders to process multimodal input. They are capable of performing complex semantic tasks such as automatic captioning, but it remains an open question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Tyler Tran , Sangeet Khemlani , J. G. Trafton

Despite strong performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on multimodal tasks, predicting whether and why an image is persuasive remains challenging. We first show that prompting MLLMs to reason before prediction does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naeun Lee , Hyunjong Kim , Sunghwan Choi , Injin Kong , Yohan Jo

Compositional learning, mastering the ability to combine basic concepts and construct more intricate ones, is crucial for human cognition, especially in human language comprehension and visual perception. This notion is tightly connected to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Sania Sinha , Tanawan Premsri , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Machines have achieved a broad and growing set of linguistic competencies, thanks to recent progress in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Psychologists have shown increasing interest in such models, comparing their output to psychological…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Brenden M. Lake , Gregory L. Murphy

Embodied AI aims to develop intelligent systems with physical forms capable of perceiving, decision-making, acting, and learning in real-world environments, providing a promising way to Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Despite decades…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Wenlong Liang , Rui Zhou , Yang Ma , Bing Zhang , Songlin Li , Yijia Liao , Ping Kuang

Causal inference has been a pivotal challenge across diverse domains such as medicine and economics, demanding a complicated integration of human knowledge, mathematical reasoning, and data mining capabilities. Recent advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jing Ma

Visual reasoning is a long-term goal of vision research. In the last decade, several works have attempted to apply deep neural networks (DNNs) to the task of learning visual relations from images, with modest results in terms of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Guillermo Puebla , Jeffrey S. Bowers

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have driven major advances in language understanding, marking a significant step toward artificial general intelligence (AGI). With increasing demands for higher-level semantics and cross-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuntao Shou , Tao Meng , Wei Ai , Keqin Li

Multimodal models are expected to be a critical component to future advances in artificial intelligence. This field is starting to grow rapidly with a surge of new design elements motivated by the success of foundation models in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sai Munikoti , Ian Stewart , Sameera Horawalavithana , Henry Kvinge , Tegan Emerson , Sandra E Thompson , Karl Pazdernik

Over the last decade, Computer Vision, the branch of Artificial Intelligence aimed at understanding the visual world, has evolved from simply recognizing objects in images to describing pictures, answering questions about images, aiding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ranjay Krishna , Mitchell Gordon , Li Fei-Fei , Michael Bernstein

Learning continually from a stream of non-i.i.d. data is an open challenge in deep learning, even more so when working in resource-constrained environments such as embedded devices. Visual models that are continually updated through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Clea Rebillard , Julio Hurtado , Andrii Krutsylo , Lucia Passaro , Vincenzo Lomonaco

Although current deep models for face tasks surpass human performance on some benchmarks, we do not understand how they work. Thus, we cannot predict how it will react to novel inputs, resulting in catastrophic failures and unwanted biases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Thrupthi Ann John , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , C. V. Jawahar

A desirable trait of an artificial agent acting in the visual world is to continually learn a sequence of language-informed tasks while striking a balance between sufficiently specializing in each task and building a generalized knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Kyra Ahrens , Lennart Bengtson , Jae Hee Lee , Stefan Wermter

Contemporary artificial intelligence research has been organized around two dominant ambitions: productivity, which treats AI systems as tools for accelerating work and economic output, and alignment, which focuses on ensuring that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 W. Russell Neuman , Chad Coleman

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a challenging task that requires cross-modal understanding and reasoning of visual image and natural language question. To inspect the association of VQA models to human cognition, we designed a survey to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Liben Chen , Long Chen , Tian Ellison-Chen , Zhuoyuan Xu

Humans are susceptible to optical illusions, which serve as valuable tools for investigating sensory and cognitive processes. Inspired by human vision studies, research has begun exploring whether machines, such as large vision language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Taiga Shinozaki , Tomoki Doi , Amane Watahiki , Satoshi Nishida , Hitomi Yanaka

Vision and language are two fundamental capabilities of human intelligence. Humans routinely perform tasks through the interactions between vision and language, supporting the uniquely human capacity to talk about what they see or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Tao Mei , Wei Zhang , Ting Yao