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Protoplanetary discs are thought to evolve either through angular momentum transport driven by viscous processes or through angular momentum removal induced by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) winds. One proposed method to distinguish between…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-20 Giulia Ballabio , James E. Owen

The nature and rate of (viscous) angular momentum transport in protoplanetary discs (PPDs) has important consequences for the formation process of planetary systems. While accretion rates onto the central star yield constraints on such…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-11 Andrew J. Winter , Megan Ansdell , Thomas J. Haworth , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen

Our current understanding has crystallised around two possible evolution scenarios for protoplanetary discs (turbulent viscosity and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wind-driven) - but which dominates remains uncertain. Our aims are twofold:…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-05 Jesse Weder , Andrew J. Winter , Christoph Mordasini

The evolution of protoplanetary discs is a function of their internal processes and of their environment. It is unclear if angular momentum is mainly removed viscously or by magnetic winds, or by a combination of the two. While external…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 Gabriele Pichierri , Giovanni Rosotti , Rossella Anania , Giuseppe Lodato

We study the evolution and final dispersal of protoplanetary discs that evolve under the action of internal and external photoevaporation, and different degrees of viscous transport. We identify five distinct dispersal pathways, which are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-08 Gavin A. L. Coleman , Thomas J. Haworth

Canonically, a protoplanetary disk is thought to undergo (gravito-)viscous evolution, wherein the angular momentum of the accreting material is transported outwards. However, several lines of reasoning suggest that the turbulent viscosity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-01 Kundan Kadam , Eduard Vorobyov , Peter Woitke , Shantanu Basu , Sierk van Terwisga

Disc winds and planet-disc interactions are two crucial mechanisms that define the structure, evolution and dispersal of protoplanetary discs. While winds are capable of removing material from discs, eventually leading to their dispersal,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-29 Michael L. Weber , Giovanni Picogna , Barbara Ercolano

Context. Current research has established magnetised disc winds as a promising way of driving accretion in protoplanetary discs. Aims. We investigate the evolution of large protoplanetary disc populations under the influence of magnetically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 Jesse Weder , Christoph Mordasini , Alexandre Emsenhuber

We study the evolution of the protoplanetary discs (PPDs) in the presence of magnetically driven winds with the stress relations motivated by the non-ideal MHD disc simulations. Contribution of the magnetic winds in the angular momentum…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-31 Mohsen Shadmehri , Sayyedeh Masoumeh Ghoreyshi

Aims: We investigate the evolution of protoplanetary discs (PPDs hereafter) with magnetically driven disc winds and viscous heating. Methods: We consider an initially massive disc with ~0.1 Msun to track the evolution from the early stage…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Takeru K. Suzuki , Masahiro Ogihara , Alessandro Morbidelli , Aurélien Crida , Tristan Guillot

We describe an analytic model for an evolving protoplanetary disk driven by viscosity and a disk wind. The disk is heated by stellar irradiation and energy generated by viscosity. The evolution is controlled by 3 parameters: (i) the inflow…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 John Chambers

Whether the angular momentum of protoplanetary discs is redistributed by viscosity or extracted by magnetised winds is a long-standing question. Demographic indicators, such as gas disc sizes and stellar accretion rates, have been proposed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Simin Tong , Richard Alexander , Giovanni Rosotti

Protoplanetary discs are the site of star and planet formation, and their evolution and consequent dispersal deeply affect the formation of planetary systems. In the standard scenario they evolve on timescales ~Myr due to the viscous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Alice Somigliana , Claudia Toci , Giuseppe Lodato , Giovanni Rosotti , Carlo Felice Manara

We cannot understand planet formation without understanding disc evolutionary processes. However, there is currently ambiguity about how protoplanetary discs transport angular momentum (e.g. via viscosity or winds) and the relative…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 Gavin A. L. Coleman , Thomas J. Haworth , Ilane Schroetter , Olivier Berné

Protoplanetary disks are quasi-steady structures whose evolution and dispersal determine the environment for planet formation. I review the theory of protoplanetary disk evolution and its connection to observations. Substantial progress has…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-25 Philip J. Armitage

In this paper we consider the effect of the direct ionizing stellar radiation field on the evolution of protoplanetary discs subject to photoevaporative winds. We suggest that models which combine viscous evolution with photoevaporation of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. D. Alexander , C. J. Clarke , J. E. Pringle

Disc winds and planet formation are considered to be two of the most important mechanisms that drive the evolution and dispersal of protoplanetary discs and in turn define the environment in which planets form and evolve. While both have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-20 Michael L. Weber , Barbara Ercolano , Giovanni Picogna , Christian Rab

Photoevaporation of planet forming discs by high energy radiation from the central star is potentially a crucial mechanism for disc evolution and it may play an important role in the formation and evolution of planetary system. We present…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-25 Giovanni Picogna , Barbara Ercolano , James E. Owen , Michael L. Weber

Protoplanetary discs are crucial to understanding how planets form and evolve, but these objects are subject to the vagaries of the birth environments of their host stars. In particular, photoionising radiation from massive stars has been…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Bridget Marchington , Richard J. Parker

The evolution of protoplanetary discs has a substantial impact on theories of planet formation. To date, neither of the two main competing evolutionary models, namely the viscous-photoevaporative paradigm and the MHD winds model, has been…

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