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Since the dawn of the computing era, information has been represented digitally so that it can be processed by electronic computers. Paper books and documents were abundant and widely being published at that time; and hence, there was a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Youssef Bassil , Mohammad Alwani

In this paper, we explore the intersection of technology and cultural preservation by developing a self-supervised learning framework for the classification of musical symbols in historical manuscripts. Optical Music Recognition (OMR) plays…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Elona Shatri , Daniel Raymond , George Fazekas

Some historical and more recent printed documents have been scanned or stored at very low resolutions, such as 60 dpi. Though such scans are relatively easy for humans to read, they still present significant challenges for optical character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Julian D. Gilbey , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

There are many difficulties facing a handwritten Arabic recognition system such as unlimited variation in human handwriting, similarities of distinct character shapes, interconnections of neighbouring characters and their position in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-02-27 Ahmed Sahlol , Cheng Suen

Commercial OCR packages work best with high-quality scanned images. They often produce poor results when the image is degraded, either because the original itself was poor quality, or because of excessive photocopying. The ability to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Roger T. Hartley , Kathleen Crumpton

Ancient history relies on the study of ancient characters. However, real-world scanned oracle characters are difficult to collect and annotate, posing a major obstacle for oracle character recognition (OrCR). Besides, serious abrasion and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Mei Wang , Weihong Deng , Sen Su

This paper introduces PreP-OCR, a two-stage pipeline that combines document image restoration with semantic-aware post-OCR correction to enhance both visual clarity and textual consistency, thereby improving text extraction from degraded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shuhao Guan , Moule Lin , Cheng Xu , Xinyi Liu , Jinman Zhao , Jiexin Fan , Qi Xu , Derek Greene

In this paper, we propose a novel method based on character sequence-to-sequence models to correct documents already processed with Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems. The main contribution of this paper is a set of strategies to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Juan Ramirez-Orta , Eduardo Xamena , Ana Maguitman , Evangelos Milios , Axel J. Soto

The problem of optical character recognition, OCR, has been widely discussed in the literature. Having a hand-written text, the program aims at recognizing the text. Even though there are several approaches to this issue, it is still an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-07 Wei Wang

Historical Document Processing is the process of digitizing written material from the past for future use by historians and other scholars. It incorporates algorithms and software tools from various subfields of computer science, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-14 James P. Philips , Nasseh Tabrizi

Recognition of ancient Tamil characters has always been a challenge for epigraphers. This is primarily because the language has evolved over the several centuries and the character set over this time has both expanded and diversified. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Lalitha Giridhar , Aishwarya Dharani and , Velmathi Guruviah

Traditional image compression methods aim to reconstruct images for human perception, prioritizing visual fidelity over task relevance. In contrast, Coding for Machines focuses on preserving information essential for automated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Stefano Della Fiore , Alessandro Gnutti , Marco Dalai , Pierangelo Migliorati , Riccardo Leonardi

Kurdish libraries have many historical publications that were printed back in the early days when printing devices were brought to Kurdistan. Having a good Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to help process these publications and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Blnd Yaseen , Hossein Hassani

Industrial Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems depend on optical character recognition (OCR) to transform visual documents into text. Existing OCR benchmarks rely on character-level metrics, which inadequately measure downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lin Sun , Wang Dexian , Jingang Huang , Linglin Zhang , Change Jia , Zhengwei Cheng , Xiangzheng Zhang

Precise homography estimation between multiple images is a pre-requisite for many computer vision applications. One application that is particularly relevant in today's digital era is the alignment of scanned or camera-captured document…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Kushagra Mahajan , Monika Sharma , Lovekesh Vig

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on historical printings is a challenging task mainly due to the complexity of the layout and the highly variant typography. Nevertheless, in the last few years great progress has been made in the area of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Christian Reul , Dennis Christ , Alexander Hartelt , Nico Balbach , Maximilian Wehner , Uwe Springmann , Christoph Wick , Christine Grundig , Andreas Büttner , Frank Puppe

Despite their cultural and historical significance, Black digital archives continue to be a structurally underrepresented area in AI research and infrastructure. This is especially evident in efforts to digitize historical Black newspapers,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Fitsum Sileshi Beyene , Christopher L. Dancy

We propose a post-OCR text correction approach for digitising texts in Romanised Sanskrit. Owing to the lack of resources our approach uses OCR models trained for other languages written in Roman. Currently, there exists no dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Amrith Krishna , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Rajesh Shreedhar Bhat , Pawan Goyal

Recent advancements in the area of Computer Vision with state-of-art Neural Networks has given a boost to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracies. However, extracting characters/text alone is often insufficient for relevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Vishwanath D , Rohit Rahul , Gunjan Sehgal , Swati , Arindam Chowdhury , Monika Sharma , Lovekesh Vig , Gautam Shroff , Ashwin Srinivasan

Conventional optical character recognition (OCR) techniques segmented each character and then recognized. This made them prone to error in character segmentation, and devoid of context to exploit language models. Advances in sequence to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Shashank Vempati , Nishit Anand , Gaurav Talebailkar , Arpan Garai , Chetan Arora