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The modal factor model represents a new factor model for dimension reduction in high dimensional panel data. Unlike the approximate factor model that targets for the mean factors, it captures factors that influence the conditional mode of…
In wavefront shaping, waves are focused through complex media onto one or more target points, and the resulting intensity enhancement is quantified by the enhancement factor. While reproducible enhancement is crucial in experiments, the…
We introduce and test a new and highly efficient method for treating the thermal and radiative effects influencing the energy equation in SPH simulations of star formation. The method uses the density, temperature and gravitational…
Optimization-based models have been used to predict cellular behavior for over 25 years. The constraints in these models are derived from genome annotations, measured macro-molecular composition of cells, and by measuring the cell's growth…
Individual risk models need to capture possible correlations as failing to do so typically results in an underestimation of extreme quantiles of the aggregate loss. Such dependence modelling is particularly important for managing credit…
Consider the problem of estimating average treatment effects when a large number of covariates are used to adjust for possible confounding through outcome regression and propensity score models. The conventional approach of model building…
The use of fully or partially absorbing boundary conditions for diffusion-based problems has become paradigmatic in physical chemistry and biochemistry to describe reactions occurring in solutions or in living media. However, as chemical…
The paper investigates the role of data, hypotheses and mathematical methods that can be used in the discovery of a law y=fo(u), relating variables u and y of a physical phenomenon, making use of experimental measurements of such variables.…
The reaction-diffusion models have been extensively applied to explain the mechanism of pattern formations in early embryogenesis based on geometrically confined microtissues consisting of human pluripotent stem cells. Recently, mechanical…
The efforts associated with parametrization of continuum-based models for crystal plasticity are a significant obstacle for the routine use of these models in materials science and engineering. While phenomenological constitutive…
Objective: While FLASH radiotherapy is recognized for short-term normal tissue sparing, its durability in late-responding organs remains uncertain, limiting clinical adoption. With its clinical importance and steep dose-response, the spinal…
Several studies suggest that one possible cause of impaired wound healing is failed or insufficient lymphangiogenesis, that is the formation of new lymphatic capillaries. Although many mathematical models have been developed to describe the…
The description of complex physical phenomena often involves sophisticated models that rely on a large number of parameters, with many dimensions and scales. One practical way to simplify that kind of models is to discard some of the…
Mediation analysis seeks to infer how much of the effect of an exposure on an outcome can be attributed to specific pathways via intermediate variables or mediators. This requires identification of so-called path-specific effects. These…
A parameterization strategy for molecular models on the basis of force fields is proposed, which allows a rapid development of models for small molecules by using results from quantum mechanical (QM) ab initio calculations and thermodynamic…
The functional ANOVA, or Hoeffding decomposition, provides a principled framework for interpretability by decomposing a model prediction into main effects and higher-order interactions. For independent inputs, this classical decomposition…
Analytical expressions for the elastic and dynamic form factors (FFs) are derived in the shell model (SM) with a potential well of finite depth. The consideration takes into account the motion of the target-nucleus center of mass (CM).…
We present a computational approach for solving reaction-diffusion equations on evolving surfaces which have been obtained from cell image data. It is based on finite element spaces defined on surface triangulations extracted from time…
The causal effect of an intervention (treatment/exposure) on an outcome can be estimated by: i) specifying knowledge about the data-generating process; ii) assessing under what assumptions a target quantity, such as for example a causal…
Foundation models (FMs) have emerged as a transformative paradigm in medical image analysis, offering the potential to provide generalizable, task-agnostic solutions across a wide range of clinical tasks and imaging modalities. Their…