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Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used for dimensionality reduction and interpretable analysis, but standard formulations are unsupervised and cannot directly exploit class labels. Existing supervised or semi-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kenichi Satoh

How can we process a piece of recorded music to detect and visualize the onset of each instrument? A simple, interpretable approach is based on partially fixed nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). Yet despite the method's simplicity,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Alisha L. Foster , Robert J. Webber

Recently, the problem of blind image separation has been widely investigated, especially the medical image denoise which is the main step in medical diag-nosis. Removing the noise without affecting relevant features of the image is the main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-11 R. M. Farouk , M. E. Abd El-aziz , A. M. Adam

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) asks to decompose a (entry-wise) non-negative matrix into the product of two smaller-sized nonnegative matrices, which has been shown intractable in general. In order to overcome this issue, the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Zhihuai Chen , Yinan Li , Xiaoming Sun , Pei Yuan , Jialin Zhang

Mixed pixels are presented in hyperspectral images due to low spatial resolution of hyperspectral sensors. Spectral unmixing decomposes mixed pixels spectra into endmembers spectra and abundance fractions. In this paper using of robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-12-06 Roozbeh Rajabi , Hassan Ghassemian

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used to dimensionality reduction in machine learning. However, the traditional NMF does not properly handle outliers, so that it is sensitive to noise. In order to improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Tingting Shen , Junhang Li , Can Tong , Qiang He , Chen Li , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

Spectroscopic anomaly detection and isotope identification algorithms are integral components in nuclear nonproliferation applications such as search operations. The task is especially challenging in the case of mobile detector systems due…

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been continuously evolving in several areas like pattern recognition and information retrieval methods. It factorizes a matrix into a product of 2 low-rank non-negative matrices that will define…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-04 Jing-Yan Wang , Mustafa AbdulJabbar

Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (SNMF) models arise naturally as simple reformulations of many standard clustering algorithms including the popular spectral clustering method. Recent work has demonstrated that an elementary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Reza Borhani , Jeremy Watt , Aggelos Katsaggelos

Conventional NMF methods for source separation factorize the matrix of spectral magnitudes. Spectral Phase is not included in the decomposition process of these methods. However, phase of the speech mixture is generally used in…

Sound · Computer Science 2014-11-26 Chaitanya Ahuja , Karan Nathwani , Rajesh M. Hegde

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely studied in recent years due to its effectiveness in representing nonnegative data with parts-based representations. For NMF, a sparser solution implies better parts-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Chong Peng , Yiqun Zhang , Yongyong Chen , Zhao Kang , Chenglizhao Chen , Qiang Cheng

Modern spectroscopic databases provide a wealth of information about the physical processes and environments associated with astrophysical populations. Techniques such as blind source separation (BSS), in which sets of spectra are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 James T. Allen , Paul C. Hewett , Vasily Belokurov , Vivienne Wild

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SNMF) is equivalent to computing a symmetric nonnegative low rank approximation of a data similarity matrix. It inherits the good data interpretability of the well-known nonnegative matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Qingjiang Shi , Haoran Sun , Songtao Lu , Mingyi Hong , Meisam Razaviyayn

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is an unsupervised learning algorithm that produces a linear, parts-based approximation of a data matrix. NMF constructs a nonnegative low rank basis matrix and a nonnegative low rank matrix of weights…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-08 Matthew Corsetti , Ernest Fokoué

Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (semi-NMF) extends classical Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) by allowing the basis matrix to contain both positive and negative entries, making it suitable for decomposing data with mixed signs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Lu Chenggang

To extract the relevant features in a given dataset is a difficult task, recently resolved in the non-negative data case with the Non-negative Matrix factorization (NMF) method. The objective of this research work is to extend this method…

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a popular tool for data exploration. Bayesian NMF promises to also characterize uncertainty in the factorization. Unfortunately, current inference approaches such as MCMC mix slowly and tend to get…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-28 M. Arjumand Masood , Finale Doshi-Velez

In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic model for learning nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that is commonly used for predicting missing values and finding hidden patterns in the data, in which the matrix factors are latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jun Lu , Xuanyu Ye

We introduce a new method based on nonnegative matrix factorization, Neural NMF, for detecting latent hierarchical structure in data. Datasets with hierarchical structure arise in a wide variety of fields, such as document classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Tyler Will , Runyu Zhang , Eli Sadovnik , Mengdi Gao , Joshua Vendrow , Jamie Haddock , Denali Molitor , Deanna Needell

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a dimensionality reduction technique which tends to produce a sparse representation of data. Commonly, the error between the actual and recreated matrices is used as an objective function, but this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Steven Squires , Adam Prugel Bennett , Mahesan Niranjan