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Deep learning is pushing the state-of-the-art in many computer vision applications. However, it relies on large annotated data repositories, and capturing the unconstrained nature of the real-world data is yet to be solved. Semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Navid Kardan , Mubarak Shah

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has attracted enormous attention due to its vast potential of mitigating the dependence on large labeled datasets. The latest methods (e.g., FixMatch) use a combination of consistency regularization and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yuhao Chen , Xin Tan , Borui Zhao , Zhaowei Chen , Renjie Song , Jiajun Liang , Xuequan Lu

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) is important for reducing the annotation cost for medical image segmentation models. State-of-the-art SSL methods such as Mean Teacher, FixMatch and Cross Pseudo Supervision (CPS) are mainly based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Weiren Zhao , Lanfeng Zhong , Xin Liao , Wenjun Liao , Sichuan Zhang , Shaoting Zhang , Guotai Wang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) constructs classifiers from datasets in which only a subset of observations is labelled, a situation that naturally arises because obtaining labels often requires expert judgement or costly manual effort. This…

Computation · Statistics 2025-12-09 Geoffrey J. McLachlan , Jinran Wu

This paper looks at semi-supervised learning (SSL) for image-based text recognition. One of the most popular SSL approaches is pseudo-labeling (PL). PL approaches assign labels to unlabeled data before re-training the model with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Gaurav Patel , Jan Allebach , Qiang Qiu

In semi-supervised learning, the prevailing understanding suggests that observing additional unlabeled samples improves estimation accuracy for linear parameters only in the case of model misspecification. In this work, we challenge such a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Kai Chen , Yuqian Zhang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a widely used technique in scenarios where labeled data is scarce and unlabeled data is abundant. While SSL is popular for image and text classification, it is relatively underexplored for the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Gaurav Sahu , Olga Vechtomova , Issam H. Laradji

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides an effective means of leveraging unlabelled data to improve a model performance. Even though the domain has received a considerable amount of attention in the past years, most methods present the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-06 Hugo Schmutz , Olivier Humbert , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei

Objective. Supervised learning paradigms are often limited by the amount of labeled data that is available. This phenomenon is particularly problematic in clinically-relevant data, such as electroencephalography (EEG), where labeling can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-03 Hubert Banville , Omar Chehab , Aapo Hyvärinen , Denis-Alexander Engemann , Alexandre Gramfort

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims to train a machine learning model using both labelled and unlabelled data. While the unlabelled data have been used in various ways to improve the prediction accuracy, the reason why unlabelled data could…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Archer Moore , Heejung Shim , Jingge Zhu , Mingming Gong

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has been proposed to leverage unlabeled data for training powerful models when only limited labeled data is available. While existing SSL methods assume that samples in the labeled and unlabeled data share the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Qing Yu , Daiki Ikami , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) provides a powerful framework for leveraging unlabeled data when labels are limited or expensive to obtain. SSL algorithms based on deep neural networks have recently proven successful on standard benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Avital Oliver , Augustus Odena , Colin Raffel , Ekin D. Cubuk , Ian J. Goodfellow

In recent years, semi-supervised learning (SSL) has gained significant attention due to its ability to leverage both labeled and unlabeled data to improve model performance, especially when labeled data is scarce. However, most current SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Marzi Heidari , Hanping Zhang , Yuhong Guo

We consider statistical inference under a semi-supervised setting where we have access to both a labeled dataset consisting of pairs $\{X_i, Y_i \}_{i=1}^n$ and an unlabeled dataset $\{ X_i \}_{i=n+1}^{n+N}$. We ask the question: under what…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Zichun Xu , Daniela Witten , Ali Shojaie

Wearable EEG devices have emerged as a promising alternative to polysomnography (PSG). As affordable and scalable solutions, their widespread adoption results in the collection of massive volumes of unlabeled data that cannot be analyzed by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Emilio Estevan , María Sierra-Torralba , Eduardo López-Larraz , Luis Montesano

Semi-supervised learning provides a solution to reduce the dependency of machine learning on labeled data. As one of the efficient semi-supervised techniques, self-training (ST) has received increasing attention. Several advancements have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Jifeng Guo , Zhulin Liu , Tong Zhang , C. L. Philip Chen

Performance in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) on a single language has increased greatly in the last few years thanks to the use of deep learning techniques. However, cross-lingual SER remains a challenge in real-world applications due to…

The ability to generate online maps using only onboard sensory information is crucial for enabling autonomous driving beyond well-mapped areas. Training models for this task -- predicting lane markers, road edges, and pedestrian crossings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Adam Lilja , Erik Wallin , Junsheng Fu , Lars Hammarstrand

Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has been proved to be an effective way to leverage both labeled and unlabeled data at the same time. Recent semi-supervised approaches focus on deep neural networks and have achieved promising results on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-14 Hong-Yu Zhou , Avital Oliver , Jianxin Wu , Yefeng Zheng

Disease diagnosis from medical images via supervised learning is usually dependent on tedious, error-prone, and costly image labeling by medical experts. Alternatively, semi-supervised learning and self-supervised learning offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Attiano Purpura-Pontoniere , Demetri Terzopoulos , Adam Wang , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran