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Reynolds-number effects in the adverse-pressure-gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layer (TBL) developing on the suction side of a NACA4412 wing section are assessed in the present work. To this end, we analyze four cases at Reynolds numbers…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-04-17 R. Vinuesa , P. S. Negi , M. Atzori , A. Hanifi , D. S. Henningson , P. Schlatter

Turbulent flow separation induced by a protuberance on one of the walls of an otherwise planar channel is investigated using Direct Numerical Simulations. Different bulge geometries and Reynolds numbers - with the highest friction Reynolds…

Modeling of wall-bounded turbulent flows is still an open problem in classical physics, with only modest progress made in the last few decades beyond the so-called `log law', which describes only the intermediate region in wall-bounded…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-31 Fangying Song , George Em Karniadakis

Wall-cooling effect in hypersonic boundary layers can significantly alter the near-wall turbulence behavior, which is not accurately modeled by traditional RANS turbulence models. To address this shortcoming, this paper presents a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-17 Muhammad I. Zafar , Xuhui Zhou , Christopher J. Roy , David Stelter , Heng Xiao

Spanwise wall forcing in the form of streamwise-travelling waves is applied to the suction side of a transonic airfoil with a shock wave to reduce aerodynamic drag. The study, conducted using direct numerical simulations, extends earlier…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-02-10 Niccolò Berizzi , Davide Gatti , Giulio Soldati , Sergio Pirozzoli , Maurizio Quadrio

In the present study, we conduct direct numerical simulations to investigate the near-wall dynamics of compressible turbulent boundary layers at the free-stream Mach number of 6 laden with heavy particles. By inspecting the instantaneous…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-14 Ming Yu , Lihao Zhao , Yibin Du , Xianxu Yuan , Chunxiao Xu

Experiments are conducted over smooth and rough walls to explore the influence of pressure gradient histories on skin friction and mean flow of turbulent boundary layers. Different pressure gradient histories are imposed on the boundary…

Boundary layer flow over a realistic porous wall might contain both the effects of wall-permeability and wall-roughness. These two effects are typically examined in the context of a rough-wall flow, i.e., by defining a ``roughness'' length…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-26 D. D. Wangsawijaya , P. Jaiswal , B. Ganapathisubramani

We address the Reynolds-number dependence of the turbulent skin-friction drag reduction induced by streamwise-travelling waves of spanwise wall oscillations. The study relies on direct numerical simulations of drag-reduced flows in a plane…

The present study provides a detailed description of the forces on an ellipsoidal particle in the vicinity of the rough wall. Three-dimensional numerical simulations are performed using body-fitted mesh to estimate the drag, lift, and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-19 Atul Manikrao Bhagat , Partha Sarathi Goswami

We propose a model for the streamwise velocity variance in wall-bounded turbulent flows. It hypothesizes that the wall-parallel motions of the attached eddies induce internal turbulent boundary layers. A logarithmic variance profile is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-05-07 Chenning Tong

Four well-resolved LESs of the turbulent boundary layers around a NACA4412 wing section, with Rec ranging from 100,000 to 1,000,000, were performed at 5 degree angle of attack. By comparing the turbulence statistics with those in ZPG TBLs…

This study presents an experimental dataset documenting the evolution of a turbulent boundary layer downstream of a rough-to-smooth surface transition. To investigate the effect of upstream flow conditions, two groups of experiments are…

We study laminar, transitional and turbulent flow in wavy pipes using direct numerical simulations for bulk Reynolds numbers between 1-5300. Flow behaviors are analyzed in terms of the friction factor f and mean velocity statistics for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-21 Ismail El Mellas , Juan J. Hidalgo , Marco Dentz

Wall-based active and passive flow control for drag reduction in low Reynolds number (Re) turbulent flows can lead to three typical phenomena: i) attenuation or ii) amplification of the near-wall cycle, and iii) generation of spanwise…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-25 Simon Toedtli , Anthony Leonard , Beverley McKeon

High-fidelity simulations are conducted to investigate the turbulent boundary layers around a finite-span NACA0012 wing with a rounded wing-tip geometry at a chord-based Reynolds number of $Re_c=200\,000$ and at various angles of attack up…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-20 Siavash Toosi , Adam Peplinski , Philipp Schlatter , Ricardo Vinuesa

The rarefied flows encountered by the hypersonic vehicles in their high-altitude flights call for investigations coupling the shock-shock interaction and the rarefied-gas effect. An in-house direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) solver is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-02 Yazhong Jiang , Tianju Ma

Opposition-control of the energetic cycle of near wall streaks in wall-bounded turbulence, using numerical approaches, has shown promise for drag reduction. For practical implementation, opposition control is only realizable if there is a…

We find actual evidence, relying upon vorticity time series taken in a high Reynolds number atmospheric experiment, that to a very good approximation the surface boundary layer flow may be described, in a statistical sense and under certain…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Kholmyansky , L. Moriconi , A. Tsinober

We perform direct numerical simulations of an unstably stratified turbulent channel flow to address the effects of buoyancy on the boundary layer dynamics and mean field quantities. We systematically span a range of parameters in the space…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-06-13 Andrea Scagliarini , Halldór Einarsson , Ármann Gylfason , Federico Toschi