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Creating labeled training sets has become one of the major roadblocks in machine learning. To address this, recent \emph{Weak Supervision (WS)} frameworks synthesize training labels from multiple potentially noisy supervision sources.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Jieyu Zhang , Bohan Wang , Xiangchen Song , Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jing Bai , Alexander Ratner

Hybrid Autoregressive Transducer (HAT) is a recently proposed end-to-end acoustic model that extends the standard Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) for the purpose of the external language model (LM) fusion. In HAT, the blank…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Liang Lu , Zhong Meng , Naoyuki Kanda , Jinyu Li , Yifan Gong

In this paper, we propose a three-stage training methodology to improve the speech recognition accuracy of low-resource languages. We explore and propose an effective combination of techniques such as transfer learning, encoder freezing,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-22 Jiyeon Kim , Mehul Kumar , Dhananjaya Gowda , Abhinav Garg , Chanwoo Kim

In this paper, we propose a single multi-task learning framework to perform End-to-End (E2E) speech recognition (ASR) and accent recognition (AR) simultaneously. The proposed framework is not only more compact but can also yield comparable…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Jicheng Zhang , Yizhou Peng , Pham Van Tung , Haihua Xu , Hao Huang , Eng Siong Chng

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems typically rely on an external endpointer (EP) model to identify speech boundaries. In this work, we propose a method to jointly train the ASR and EP tasks in a single end-to-end (E2E) multitask…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Shaan Bijwadia , Shuo-yiin Chang , Bo Li , Tara Sainath , Chao Zhang , Yanzhang He

End-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are rapidly claiming to become state-of-art over other modeling methods. Several techniques have been introduced to improve their ability to handle multiple languages. However, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Rohit Kumar

The graph-based semi-supervised label propagation algorithm has delivered impressive classification results. However, the estimated soft labels typically contain mixed signs and noise, which cause inaccurate predictions due to the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Huan Zhang , Zhao Zhang , Mingbo Zhao , Qiaolin Ye , Min Zhang , Meng Wang

Training automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems requires large amounts of well-curated paired data. However, human annotators usually perform "non-verbatim" transcription, which can result in poorly trained models. In this paper, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-28 Dongji Gao , Hainan Xu , Desh Raj , Leibny Paola Garcia Perera , Daniel Povey , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Reducing prediction delay for streaming end-to-end ASR models with minimal performance regression is a challenging problem. Constrained alignment is a well-known existing approach that penalizes predicted word boundaries using external…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-12 Jaeyoung Kim , Han Lu , Anshuman Tripathi , Qian Zhang , Hasim Sak

Transfer learning from high-resource languages is known to be an efficient way to improve end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages. Pre-trained or jointly trained encoder-decoder models, however, do not share…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-12 Changhan Wang , Juan Pino , Jiatao Gu

Human activity recognition (HAR) using wearable sensors has advanced through various machine learning paradigms, each with inherent trade-offs between performance and labeling requirements. While fully supervised techniques achieve high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Taoran Sheng , Manfred Huber

As large language models advance toward superhuman performance, ensuring their alignment with human values and abilities grows increasingly complex. Weak-to-strong generalization offers a promising approach by leveraging predictions from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Wei Yao , Wenkai Yang , Ziqiao Wang , Yankai Lin , Yong Liu

In this paper, we study training of automatic speech recognition system in a weakly supervised setting where the order of words in transcript labels of the audio training data is not known. We train a word-level acoustic model which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 Vineel Pratap , Qiantong Xu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Gabriel Synnaeve , Ronan Collobert

Self-supervised learning (SSL) based speech pre-training has attracted much attention for its capability of extracting rich representations learned from massive unlabeled data. On the other hand, the use of weakly-supervised data is less…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Wangyou Zhang , Yanmin Qian

Future superhuman models will surpass the ability of humans and humans will only be able to \textit{weakly} supervise superhuman models. To alleviate the issue of lacking high-quality data for model alignment, some works on weak-to-strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

The recently proposed conformer architecture has been successfully used for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) architectures achieving state-of-the-art performance on different datasets. To our best knowledge, the impact of using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mohammad Zeineldeen , Jingjing Xu , Christoph Lüscher , Wilfried Michel , Alexander Gerstenberger , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

This paper presents a method to train end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models using unpaired data. Although the end-to-end approach can eliminate the need for expert knowledge such as pronunciation dictionaries to build ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Takaaki Hori , Ramon Astudillo , Tomoki Hayashi , Yu Zhang , Shinji Watanabe , Jonathan Le Roux

Semi-supervised learning in automatic speech recognition (ASR) typically relies on pseudo-labeling, which often suffers from confirmation bias and error accumulation due to noisy supervision. To address this limitation, we propose ReHear, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zefang Liu , Chenyang Zhu , Sangwoo Cho , Shi-Xiong Zhang

This paper considers a semi-supervised learning framework for weakly labeled polyphonic sound event detection problems for the DCASE 2019 challenge's task4 by combining both the tri-training and adversarial learning. The goal of the task4…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Hyoungwoo Park , Sungrack Yun , Jungyun Eum , Janghoon Cho , Kyuwoong Hwang

Supervised learning usually requires a large amount of labelled data. However, attaining ground-truth labels is costly for many tasks. Alternatively, weakly supervised methods learn with cheap weak signals that only approximately label some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 You Lu , Wenzhuo Song , Chidubem Arachie , Bert Huang